Professional experiences

The “Professional experiences” category contains posts about the professional experience of contributors (apprenticeship, internship, consulting mission, first job, etc.).

My Internship Experience as a Brand Strategy Assistant at Accor

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My Internship Experience as a Brand Strategy Assistant at Accor

Marine SELLI

In this article, Marine SELLI (ESSEC Business School, Global Bachelor in Business Administration (GBBA), 2020-2024) shares her professional experience as a Brand Strategy Assistant at Accor, focusing on brand strategic analysis for a global portfolio of midscale brands.

About Accor

As a global hospitality industry leader, Accor has over 5,300 hotels throughout 110 countries. Accor has a wide variety of brands from luxury to economy, catering to different segments of customers – leisure travelers to business professionals. The company is known for its focus on innovation and sustainability and is always looking for ways to maintain a competitive advantage in a changing market. Today, the focus is on “augmented hospitality”. The brand strategy team in Accor’s global operations is responsible for creating and executing actions to promote value, brand equity, market presence and operational efficiency. In close partnership with regional relays and individual hotels, the team is able to adapt strategies in order to work with the specific dynamics of each market. Accor recently has been in the process of a strategic transformation, moving away from being a hotel owner and towards franchising and contracted management. Accor increases operational flexibility and minimizes financial risk by selling its brand name rather than owning the hotels directly and brand strategy is a key element of its global success. This strategy allows the company to concentrate on specific and focused competencies such as brand management, customer experience, but also innovation while transferring the financial and operational responsibilities of property ownership to third parties. By adopting a franchising and contracted management model, Accor also mitigates the risks associated with real estate ownership such as market fluctuations, high CAPEX ( capital expenditures ), and asset depreciation. This asset-light approach also provides greater agility, as it enables Accor to expand more rapidly and adapt to changing market conditions.

Logo of Accor.
Logo of Accor
Source: Accor.

As of December 5, 2024, Accor’s stock price has reached €46.08, reflecting a 45% year-to-date growth from its 52-week low of €32.47 on August 5th. This significant recovery underlines the investor’s confidence in the company’s strategic shift towards this asset-light model and its operational resilience. Moreover, Accor’s reentry into the CAC40 in March 2024 highlighted its resurgence as a key player in the French economy. The stock is now showing strong momentum, peaking at a 52-week high of €46.12, with daily trading volumes of 492,713 and a market capitalization of €11.23 billion.

Accor’s Historical Stock Data.
Accor’s Historical Stock Data
Source: Euronext.

My internship

During six months, I worked as a Brand Strategy Assistant for Accor, supporting global initiatives for three brands: Belonging to Mercure, Grand Mercure and Handwritten Collection. In my role, I had to simultaneously apply analytical know-how and communication skills to ensure strategic priorities were consistent across regions and individual properties. Because of my position, I was able to interact with a diverse range of stakeholders, including hotel managers responsible for implementing strategies on-site, regional leaders overseeing multiple properties, and corporate executives shaping the brand’s strategic vision. My role was to identify and help to develop the most impacting actions to drive results at the hotel level, and communicate these to the regional teams and the hotel managers.

My missions

When I was interning, a large part of what I did was take I did was take comprehensive data sets detailing every hotel Accor owns, including each property’s specific features and performance metrics such as occupancy rates, average daily rates (ADR), revenue per available room (RevPAR), and marketing campaign performance. Then I would synthesize it into a clear, actionable report. To accomplish that, I had to create Powerpoints that would portray brand strategies and performance insights to the regional teams and hotels all around the world as well as to the stakeholders at all levels with key performance metrics being highlighted. A second important part of my work was determining the ROI of different actions.This was computed by analyzing the incremental revenue generated from specific initiatives relative to their associated costs, such as marketing spend, operational investments, or promotional discounts. Through an analysis of global hotel-level data, I was able to identify which initiatives were having the greatest impact and provide recommendations on how to best utilize resources for maximum impact.

Required skills and knowledge

In this role I needed high-level synthesis skills to make sense of large amounts of data and report into documents. There was a need for proficiency in Excel to curate the data, and PowerPoint to convey effectively the information. I also needed analytical skills as I worked with financial metrics such as ROI and KPIs to analyze the success of initiatives. In addition, the role required deep collaboration and strong communication skills. I regularly engaged with a wide range of stakeholders, including regional teams, hotels, and agencies. I also developed expertise in working across different markets, understanding their unique characteristics, and aligning recommendations with each region’s specific goals and challenges.

What I learned

I learned a lot through my internship about how global strategies are applied to the local market in a fast developing and competitive industry. I acquired advanced skills in data analysis and synthesis and learned how to communicate complex information clearly to diverse audiences. In addition, I learned about the process of using financial metrics like ROI and KPIs to evaluate and prioritize strategic actions. On top of that, I believe this experience helped me develop my ability to think critically about how brand strategies can drive tangible results across different markets.

Finally, managing a hotel portfolio of this size (+1000 hotels) and complexity highlighted the difficulty of ensuring that every hotel aligns with Accor’s vision and delivers on its brand promises even though it is now its main business model. I had gained firsthand experience in learning how to navigate this challenge, contributing to initiatives designed to reinforce operational implementation and efficiency which is a key driver in hospitality business.

Financial concepts related my internship

I explain below three financial concepts related to your internship: Return on Investment (ROI), Key Performance Indicators ( KPIs) and Budget Management

Return on Investment (ROI)

ROI was one of the key financial concepts I applied. I analyzed the ROI of many different initiatives to identify which action led to the highest ROI and so resources were directed towards actions which led to the best results for driving hotel performance.

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Another concept was KPIs. The hotel industry has its own specific metrics such as occupancy rates, average daily rate, and revenue per available room. These are essential for evaluating the success of each project and determining where improvements could be made.

Budget Management

Finally, my manager and I worked extensively on both budget management and budget allocation, which were critical aspects of my role. For budget allocation, we collaborated to distribute a strict and defined budget across different brands and within various global initiatives, such as brand campaigns, regional activations, and strategic projects aimed at strengthening Accor’s global market presence. I contributed by carefully evaluating the expected ROI of each initiative, analyzing key performance metrics like brand visibility, customer engagement, and revenue contributions. Together, we ensured that resources were allocated strategically to maximize the impact on a global scale. In terms of budget management, we worked closely to monitor spending across these global initiatives, ensuring compliance with the allocated budget. I actively tracked expenditures, flagged any deviations, and supported the development of adjustments to keep financial goals on track.

Why should I be interested in this post?

If you’re interested in exploring a mix of finance, strategy and marketing within a global organization, my experience at Accor demonstrates how financial metrics are used to drive impactful decisions in several business’ segments. It also highlights the importance of ensuring that global strategies translate into local success, offering valuable insights for those aspiring to work in corporate strategy, hospitality, or brand management.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Alexandre VERLET Classic brain teasers from real-life interviews

Useful resources

Accor

About the author

The article was written in December 2024 by Marine SELLI (ESSEC Business School, (ESSEC Business School, Global Bachelor in Business Administration (GBBA), 2020-2024).

Bridging Technology and Finance: Insights from a Marketing Internship in Public Bidding

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Bridging Technology and Finance: Insights from a Marketing Internship in Public Bidding

Ziqing QIN

In this article, Ziqing QIN (ESSEC Business School, Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA), 2022-2026) shares her professional experience at VideoPower Technology as a Marketing Intern in public bidding.

About the company

VideoPower Technology Co., Ltd., founded in 2012 and headquartered in Beijing, China, is a leading provider of technological solutions for government procurement and public bidding. The company’s innovative tools and platforms enable government agencies to procure goods and services transparently and efficiently while empowering businesses to compete fairly in the marketplace.

VideoPower specializes in advanced analytics, compliance management, and bidding process automation. For example, its flagship platform “BidMaster” has been used in over 300 government projects, helping businesses win contracts totaling more than 50 million RMB. One notable success story involved assisting a logistics company in securing a provincial transportation contract worth 10 million RMB by optimizing their bidding strategy using BidMaster’s analytics.

I worked in the Marketing and Business Development team, which was pivotal in identifying market opportunities and crafting strategies to position the company as an industry leader. During my internship, I contributed to the development of campaigns targeting public procurement opportunities and collaborated with Finance and Operations to prepare competitive bids. A key achievement was securing a regional government IT infrastructure project valued at 3 million RMB, a testament to the team’s strategic alignment and execution capabilities.

Logo of VideoPower Technology.
Logo of VideoPower Technology
Source: the company.

My internship

As a marketing intern at VideoPower Technology Co., Ltd., I had the opportunity to work directly on public bidding projects that shaped my understanding of the procurement process. One of the most impactful experiences was contributing to a successful bid for a regional government’s information technology (IT) infrastructure project valued at 3 million RMB. This hands-on involvement taught me how to collaborate with multiple departments, such as finance and operations, to ensure that our proposals were both competitive and aligned with strategic objectives.

My missions

Throughout my internship, I was responsible for a variety of key tasks that directly supported the company’s bidding efforts:

  • Performed in-depth market research on over 50 government procurement projects, identifying opportunities in sectors such as IT and construction.
  • Played a pivotal role in crafting proposals, including a winning bid for an 8 million RMB service contract that secured a 5-year partnership with a municipal government.
  • Evaluated competitors’ pricing and strategies, which led to a reduction in bid preparation time and increased success rates.
  • Worked closely with cross-functional teams to ensure compliance with government regulations, achieving a 95% approval rate for submitted proposals.

Required skills and knowledge

My role required both technical and interpersonal skills. I leveraged analytical tools such as Excel to create detailed cost models, ensuring proposals were competitive and profitable. Proficiency in project management software, such as Trello and Microsoft Project, allowed me to prioritize tasks and meet tight deadlines. Soft skills, including communication and teamwork, were vital for presenting market insights to senior management and fostering collaboration with other departments. Additionally, my understanding of government procurement regulations enabled me to identify compliance risks and avoid potential setbacks.

What I learned

This internship was a crash course in the complexities of public procurement and how to navigate them effectively. By working on large-scale projects, I gained a solid understanding of cost analysis, competitive pricing, and risk mitigation. For example, I analyzed historical bid data to anticipate competitor pricing, which directly influenced our proposal strategies. I also learned how to balance profitability with client requirements, an essential skill for roles in finance and consulting. Beyond the technical aspects, this experience deepened my appreciation for cross-departmental collaboration and the importance of clear communication in achieving shared goals.

Financial concepts related to my internship

During my internship, I applied several financial concepts that were essential to the bidding process. These included cost estimation and budgeting, pricing strategies, and risk assessment.

Cost Estimation and Budgeting

Cost estimation and budgeting were fundamental aspects of my role. I learned how to break down project costs into direct and indirect categories, ensuring that every expense was accounted for. By accurately estimating costs, the company could prepare bids that were both competitive and realistic. This process involved analyzing historical data, consulting with project teams, and forecasting potential risks that might impact the budget.

Pricing Strategies

Developing effective pricing strategies was crucial to winning bids while maintaining profitability. I analyzed competitors’ pricing models and market trends to determine optimal pricing for our proposals. This involved striking a balance between offering an attractive price to government clients and ensuring that the company’s financial goals were met. By leveraging market intelligence, I contributed to crafting proposals that highlighted the company’s value proposition.

Risk Assessment

Risk assessment played a significant role in preparing bids. I worked on identifying potential risks, such as fluctuating material costs, project delays, and regulatory challenges, and developed strategies to mitigate these risks. By addressing these uncertainties in advance, the company was able to submit bids with confidence, minimizing the likelihood of unforeseen challenges during project execution.

Why should I be interested in this post?

This post highlights how an internship in public bidding applies essential financial concepts like cost estimation, pricing strategies, and risk assessment. These skills are highly relevant for ESSEC students pursuing careers in finance, consulting, or corporate strategy.

It also shows how practical experiences complement academic learning, preparing students for roles in investment banking, business development, and beyond.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Michel VERHASSELT My experience as Digital Business Developer for Capture Europe

   ▶ Federico MARTINETTO My experience as a PwC Associate Auditor in the Digital Data Hub

   ▶ Samia DARMELLAH My experience as an Accounting Assistant at Dafinity

Useful resources

Below are some valuable resources related to public procurement, market analysis, and project management that were relevant to my internship experience:

Government Procurement Platforms

PLACE – Plateforme des Achats de l’État: The official French government procurement platform, providing information on public tenders and bidding processes.

Market Analysis Tools

Statista: A leading platform for market statistics and industry insights.

Google Tag Manager: A free tool for managing and analyzing website tags, helpful for digital marketing analysis.

Business and Investment Resources

Business France: A national agency that supports the international development of French businesses and promotes investments in France.

Project Management Tools

Microsoft Project: A comprehensive tool for planning, executing, and tracking projects.

Trello: A flexible project management tool that helps organize tasks using a Kanban board approach.

About the author

The article was written in December 2024 by Ziqing QIN (ESSEC Business School, Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA), 2022-2026).

November 2024: Top Posts of the SimTrade Blog about Professional Experiences

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November 2024: Top Posts of the SimTrade Blog about Professional Experiences

I have selected very interesting posts about a very interesting topic: professional experiences from alumni of the SimTrade course.

Most Read Posts

Please find below the most read posts from the SimTrade blog about professional experiences:

Learn about the professional experience of a management controller at CarFuel. A practical insight into the role and its challenges in the field of financial management!

▶ Medine ACAR Mon expérience professionnelle en tant que contrôleuse de gestion chez Carfuel

Explore the professional experience of a credit analyst at Targobank. Gain a better understanding of the role and its responsibilities in the banking sector!

▶ Matthieu MENAGER My professional experience as a credit analyst at Targobank

Discover the professional experience of a quantitative analyst intern at FinDoc Financial Services.

▶ Praduman AGRAWAL My Professional Experience as a Quantitative Analyst Intern at Findoc Financial Services

Learn about the professional experience of a Global Development and Learning Intern at Danone. Get insights into the key responsibilities and skills needed for this role in a global company!

Jayna MELWANI My Professional Experience as a Quantitative Analyst Intern at Findoc Financial Services

Explore the professional experience of an Associate Auditor at PwC’s Digital Data Hub. Discover the role’s key tasks and the skills required in a leading auditing firm!

▶ Federico MARTINETTO My professional experience as a PwC Associate Auditor in the Digital Data Hub

Professional experiences are invaluable for understanding the practical applications of finance theory and gaining insights into the industry. By learning from others, you can anticipate challenges, discover new job opportunities, refine your career strategy. The November 2024 top posts on the SimTrade blog are designed to inspire and guide you on your professional journey. Do not hesitate to contact the contributors to ask them questions about their internship and get their contacts in the firms they work for.

SimTrade choice

Have a look on the post below!

Learn about the internship experience of a Structured Finance Analyst at Société Générale. Discover the tasks and skills involved in this dynamic role in corporate finance!

▶ Mickael RUFFIN My Internship Experience as a Structured Finance Analyst at Société Générale

My Apprenticeship Experience as Digital Strategy Officer at Gan Assurances

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My Apprenticeship Experience as Digital Strategy Officer at Gan Assurances

Camille Keller Digital Strategy Officer at Gan Assurances

In this article, Camille KELLER (ESSEC Business School, Bachelor in Business Administration (BBA), 2020-2024) shares her two-year experience as a Digital Strategy Officer at Gan Assurances, a subsidiary of Groupama, in the Marketing and Communication department.

About Gan Assurances

Gan Assurances, a subsidiary of the Groupama group, is a major player in the French insurance market. Specializing in comprehensive coverage for individuals and businesses, the company offers a wide range of insurance solutions, including property, health, and life insurance. Gan Assurances prides itself on a customer-centric approach and a robust network of general agents spread across the country.

Logo of the company.
Logo of Gan_Assurances
Source: the company.

The Marketing and Communication department plays a pivotal role in enhancing the visibility of Gan Assurances through innovative campaigns and strategic digital initiatives. The team focuses on optimizing customer engagement, driving brand awareness, and supporting agents with tools and strategies tailored to their communication needs.

My Apprenticeship

From 2022 to 2024, I completed a two-year apprenticeship as a Digital Strategy Officer at Gan Assurances. I worked in the Marketing and Communication department, where I contributed to digital communication strategies and optimized the company’s online presence. My role involved a combination of strategic analysis and hands-on creative work, enhancing the effectiveness of digital campaigns.

My Missions

During my apprenticeship, I was responsible for analyzing and interpreting key performance indicators (KPIs) to evaluate the effectiveness of digital communication campaigns. Based on the results, I adjusted strategies to optimize engagement and return on investment (ROI).

In addition, I managed the editorial calendar and created engaging content for platforms like LinkedIn and Facebook. This required combining creativity with strategic messaging to align with the brand’s goals.

Another major aspect of my role was mentoring eight cohorts of general agents, equipping them with best practices in digital communication. This involved conducting training sessions and providing them with the tools needed to amplify their online presence effectively.

Lastly, I developed data-driven communication strategies, using performance insights to recommend digital investment channels and enhance campaign effectiveness.

Required Skills and Knowledge

To succeed in this role, I needed strong analytical and creative skills. My ability to interpret performance data was crucial for adjusting campaign strategies in real time. I also needed proficiency in digital marketing tools and content creation software, such as Canva and Adobe, to design engaging visuals. Strong communication skills were vital for mentoring agents and creating compelling content. Additionally, a solid understanding of social media platforms and their algorithms helped me tailor content to the target audience.

What I Learned

This apprenticeship greatly expanded my skill set. I gained a deep understanding of digital communication strategies, from content creation to performance analysis. The experience enhanced my ability to interpret data and adjust strategies to optimize campaign performance. I also honed my leadership and mentoring skills by guiding agents through best practices in digital communication. One of the most valuable lessons was learning how to balance creative content with data-driven decisions to achieve optimal engagement and brand visibility.

Financial Concepts Related to My Apprenticeship

Return on Investment (ROI)

One of the essential financial concepts in my role was Return on Investment or ROI. By analyzing the ROI of digital communication campaigns, I assessed their profitability and efficiency. This involved calculating the ratio of the campaign’s net profit to its cost, allowing us to prioritize strategies that delivered the highest value for the budget spent. Understanding ROI helped guide decisions on where to allocate resources to maximize impact.

Budget Allocation

Managing the budget for digital investments required a strong grasp of allocation principles. I worked on distributing funds across different channels and campaigns to achieve optimal reach and engagement. This required balancing costs with expected outcomes, ensuring every euro spent contributed to measurable results. Monitoring these allocations also enabled the team to make data-driven adjustments during campaigns to improve performance.

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Tracking and interpreting KPIs was central to my work. Metrics such as click-through rates, engagement rates, and conversion rates provided insights into campaign success. For instance, I used KPIs to identify underperforming areas and adjusted strategies accordingly. These metrics served as a financial health check for campaigns, ensuring that resources were spent effectively and objectives were met.

Why Should You Be Interested in This Post?

This post is a valuable read for students interested in combining creative and analytical skills within the marketing and communication fields. It demonstrates how financial principles such as ROI, budget allocation, and KPIs are integral to optimizing marketing strategies. This experience can inspire ESSEC students to explore roles where strategy meets creativity, providing real-world business impact.

Related Posts on the SimTrade Blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Alexandre VERLET Classic brain teasers from real-life interviews

   ▶ Michel VERHASSELT My experience as Digital Business Developer for Capture Europeiews

   ▶ Federico MARTINETTO My professional experience as a PwC Associate Auditor in the Digital Data Hub

Useful resources

Gan

About the Author

The article was written in November 2024 by Camille KELLER (ESSEC Business School, Bachelor in Business Administration (BBA), 2020-2024).

The Premium on coins like Elizabeth II

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The Premium on coins like Elizabeth II

Nithisha CHALLA

In this article, Nithisha CHALLA (ESSEC Business School, Grande Ecole Program – Master in Management (MiM), 2021-2024) analyzes the economic factors explaining the premium on the collectible coins like the Elizabeth II coins.

Introduction

The financial world has long recognized the significance of precious metals, particularly gold, as a reliable store of value. However, beyond the traditional investment vehicles such as bullion bars and coins, there exists a subcategory of numismatic items—collectible coins—whose premiums can exceed the value of the metal content itself. Coins like the Elizabeth II coin series represent a growing segment of this market. While these coins are often minted with a fixed gold or silver content, their value can significantly outpace the value of the metal they contain. The difference between the face value or gold value of an Elizabeth II coin and its market value is commonly referred to as the premium. This difference represents a premium that can explained by several factors.

Elizabeth II bullion
Elizabeth2 bullion
Source: Hatton Garden Metals

Computation of the premium on coins like Elizabeth II

As an example, let us consider a 2022 Queen Elizabeth II Gold Sovereign coin. The gold content for this coin is 7.32 grams (0.2354 troy ounces of gold). In the beginning of 2024, the spot price of gold is $2,000 per troy ounce (or approximately £1,580 per troy ounce). The gold value (or intrinsic value) of this coin is equal to $470 (=0.2354×2,000) or approximately £372. The market value (including the premium) is $600 (or approximately £475). The premium, defined as the difference between the market value and the gold value, is then equal to $130 (=$600−$470) or approximately £103.

The Investment Potential of Numismatic Coins

Numismatic coins, such as those featuring Queen Elizabeth II, have long captured the attention of collectors and investors alike. Beyond their historical and cultural significance, these coins hold substantial financial value, often trading at a premium above their intrinsic metal content. Factors such as rarity, condition, historical context, and market demand significantly determine their market price and explain the premium. In this article, we delve into the economic factors of coins premium, focusing on the Elizabeth II series, their appeal, and their role as an alternative investment vehicle.

Understanding the Premium: What Sets These Coins Apart?

A premium refers to the additional cost above the intrinsic value of a coin’s metal content. For example, if a gold coin contains one ounce of gold, its inherent value will be based on the current market price of gold. However, a coin like the Elizabeth II Gold Coin could carry a premium because of its collectibility, historical significance, rarity, and demand among collectors. This premium is influenced by several factors: mintage numbers and rarity, condition and grading, and demand and market Trends.

Mintage Numbers and Rarity

The mintage number of a coin significantly influences its rarity, and by extension, its premium. Coins with limited mintage, such as special editions or proof versions of the Elizabeth II coin, typically see higher premiums due to their scarcity. For instance, a limited-edition Elizabeth II coin series celebrating the Queen’s milestone events (e.g., her Diamond Jubilee) would likely command a higher price compared to regular-issue coins.

Condition and Grading

Coins are often graded for their condition, which impacts their value. Coins in pristine condition (often graded as MS70 or PF70, which indicates perfect condition) carry a higher premium. This is especially true for coins preserved in perfect, uncirculated condition, making them rare in the market.

Demand and Market Trends

The demand for collectible coins is often driven by trends in the collector community. When a coin series, like the Elizabeth II series, becomes popular among investors and collectors, its premium increases as more people compete for a limited supply. Economic factors, including inflation, interest rates, and even geopolitical events, can also spur increased interest in collectible coins as alternative investments.

Notable Elizabeth II Coins

I give below a list of notable Elizabeth II coins:

  • 1953 Coronation Crown: Issued to commemorate Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation, this coin is a prime example of how historical events can add numismatic value. While its melt value is minimal, its collectible value often exceeds 10 times its base worth.
  • 2002 Golden Jubilee Coins: Struck in limited numbers, these coins saw a steep rise in market value due to their rarity and the significance of the Golden Jubilee celebration.
  • 2022 Memorial Coins: Following Queen Elizabeth II’s passing, the Royal Mint issued special memorial coins, which have become highly sought after. Early buyers have seen considerable price appreciation, driven by emotional and historical factors.

Elizabeth II coin for the 1953 Coronation Crown
Elizabeth II for the 1953 Coronation Crown
Source: The Royal Mint

Elizabeth II coin for the 2002 Golden Jubilee
Elizabeth II for the 2002 Golden Jubilee
Source: The Royal Mint

Elizabeth II coin for the 2022 Memorial
Elizabeth II for the for the 2022 Memorial
Source: The Royal Mint

The Financial Benefits of Investing in Premium Coins

Diversification of Investment Portfolio

In the world of investing, diversification is often touted as one of the key strategies for managing risk. Coins like the Elizabeth II series offer a unique opportunity for diversification. While traditional assets such as stocks, bonds, and real estate are subject to market fluctuations, gold, and silver coins tend to be less volatile and are often viewed as a hedge against inflation or economic uncertainty (see Erb and Harvey (2013, 2024) for a discussion).

Additionally, premium coins are not just an investment in the precious metals market; they also offer exposure to the world of collectibles, which can experience appreciation independent of broader financial markets. Investors looking to diversify into non-correlated assets may find that numismatic coins, like those in the Elizabeth II series, provide an attractive avenue for diversifying their portfolios.

Appreciation Potential

One of the primary financial attractions of premium coins is their potential for appreciation over time. The value of a collectible coin is driven by both the fluctuating value of the precious metal it contains (gold, silver, etc.) and the coin’s numismatic value. As demand for specific coins rises, their premiums can increase exponentially.

For example, a gold Elizabeth II coin bought at a premium in the 1990s could be worth several times its original purchase price today, due to both the rising price of gold and the increasing demand for coins tied to the late Queen’s reign. Investors in these coins have seen capital appreciation not only from the metal price but also from the unique value placed on these coins by collectors.

Figure 1 below gives the evolution of the gold price over the period January 1971-September 2024.

Figure 1. Evolution of the Gold price
Gold price chart January 1971-September 2020
Source: Wikipedia

Tax Benefits and Legacy Planning

In some jurisdictions, numismatic coins, such as the Elizabeth II gold coins, are subject to favorable tax treatment. Depending on the country, these coins may be exempt from certain sales taxes or capital gains taxes, further enhancing their attractiveness as an investment. The tax advantages, when combined with their appreciation potential, make them an appealing choice for long-term investors seeking wealth preservation.

Additionally, premium coins are often used in legacy planning due to their tangible value, portability, and emotional appeal. Families pass down coin collections across generations, ensuring that the wealth embedded in these coins remains intact and grows over time.

Risks and Considerations for Investors

While coins like those featuring Elizabeth II can be lucrative investments, they are not without risks:

  • Market Volatility: The numismatic market can be unpredictable, with premiums fluctuating based on collector sentiment and economic conditions.
  • Liquidity Challenges: Selling collectible coins at premium prices requires access to the right buyer market, which may not always be readily available.
  • Authentication and Grading Costs: Ensuring the authenticity and proper grading of a coin often incurs additional costs, which should be factored into investment decisions.

Finally why Coins Featuring Elizabeth II Remain an Attractive Investment?

Coins bearing Queen Elizabeth II’s effigy offer a blend of historical appeal, tangible value, and investment potential. The enduring legacy of her reign adds a unique emotional and cultural dimension that elevates their demand. From a financial perspective, these coins offer diversification benefits, a hedge against inflation, and the potential for significant capital appreciation.

Conclusion

Investing in premium coins such as those featuring Elizabeth II requires a balance of sentiment and financial analysis. While their cultural and historical value is undeniable, their economic worth hinges on factors like rarity, condition, and market trends. For investors, these coins are more than just collectibles; they represent a fusion of history and finance, offering opportunities for both preservation of wealth and long-term growth.

Why should I be interested in this post?

As financial markets become more volatile and inflationary pressures rise, the appeal of premium coins as an alternative investment will likely continue to grow. These coins not only provide an investment in precious metals but also represent a tangible, legacy-building asset that can be passed down through generations. For students seeking to understand and diversify their portfolios, learning about the premium on collectible coins presents an intriguing opportunity with considerable upside potential.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ Nithisha CHALLA History of Gold    ▶ Nithisha CHALLA Gold resources in the world

Useful resources

Academic research

Erb, C.B., and C.R. Harvey (2013) The Golden Dilemma. Financial Analysts Journal 69 (4): 10–42.

Erb, C.B., and C.R. Harvey (2024) Is there still a Golden Dilemma. Working paper.

Business

US gold bureau The History and Evolution of Queen Elizabeth II on Coins

Change Checker The History of Queen Elizabeth II Coins

The Royal Mint Museum Her Late Majesty Queen Elizabeth II on coins

Physical Gold Gold Coin Premiums Explained

Treasure Coast Bullion Group Gold and Silver Premiums: What You Need to Know

American Bullion What Does MS70 Mean, and Why Is It Important?

Other

Wikipedia Gold

Wikipedia Two pound coin

Rare Coins Vault Top 10 Most Valuable Elizabeth II Coins! | Rare Coins Worth Millions (YouTube video)

About the author

The article was written in November 2024 by Nithisha CHALLA (ESSEC Business School, Grande Ecole Program – Master in Management (MiM), 2021-2024).

My internship experience at Talent Carriage

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My internship experience at Talent Carriage

Vardaan CHAWLA

In this article, Vardaan CHAWLA (ESSEC Business School, Master in Strategy and Management of International Business (SMIB), 2020-2023) shares his experience as a Business Development intern at Talent Carriage a human resource shared services startup in New Delhi, India.

About Talent Carriage

Talent Carriage is a New Delhi-based startup that brings innovation to Human Resources by specializing in Human Resource Shared Services (HRSS). It was launched with the vision of simplifying HR processes for small and medium organizations, they offer a unique solution for businesses seeking efficiency in their human resource process and cost reduction.

Logo of the company.
Logo of Talent Carriage
Source: the company.

What is shared services: Talent Carriage was established with a focus on the evolving needs of modern workforces and companies, Talent Carriage leads the shared services model for HR for medium and small-scale companies in India. This model centralizes all common HR tasks, such as administration, payroll, benefits, and recruitment processing, into a centralized unit. Centralization of all common tasks helps free the organization’s HR professionals and allows them to focus on more strategic and big-picture tasks like the growth and development of their employees.

Benefits for Businesses of All Sizes: Even though Talent Carriage’s services are well suited for organizations of all sizes their core offerings are inclined towards startups and growing businesses. They prioritize streamlining processes and the use of flexible technology which can help organizations reduce costs.

This shared services has three great benefits:

  • Increased Efficiency: In order to improve efficiency and eliminate redundancies for the client. Talent Carriage helps the client to centralize their HR processes like payroll and benefits. With such redundant work out of the way, the HR personnel have the time and capacity to lead strategic initiatives that help in the company’s success.
  • Standardization and Consistency: The shared services model also leads to consistent HR practices across an organization. Businesses with multiple locations and/or departments derive great benefits from HRSS.
  • Enhanced Employee Experience: The employees have a single point of contact for all their HR inquiries. This centralized approach leads to a smoother and more efficient experience.

Three-Step Engagement Model: Talent Carriage implements its HRSS solutions in an organized manner. Their three-phase approach of interaction includes:

  • Suggest: Consulting with the customer to ascertain their unique HR needs and objectives constitutes the first step. Then they analyse the organization’s current HR processes and recommend a suitable shared services model for them.
  • Implement: After a plan is finalized by both the client and talent carriage. It is Implemented and Talent Carriage trains staff on the new processes and help with a smooth transition.
  • Maintain: They also offer continuous support to the client organization. Talent carriage’s work goes far beyond initial implementation to ensure the success of their HRSS model within the organization. They also provide technical assistance and monitor for ongoing problems and optimization opportunities.

By leveraging Talent Carriage’s expertise in HRSS, businesses can achieve significant improvements in efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and employee experience.

My Internship at Talent Carriage

In the summer of 2023, I did my internship at Talent Carriage. There I had the opportunity to explore the exciting world of HRSS and business development (BD). Talent Carriage is a dynamic startup in New Delhi, India. It is the leader of how small and medium organizations manage their HR and I was excited to be a part of its journey. My Internship was in the Business Development and Sales department of the company where I had the opportunity to hone my skills in identifying new business opportunities and displaying the value proposition of Talent Carriage’s HRSS model to as many organizations in India as I could.

My Missions

As a BD intern, I was on the hunt for new markets and organizations to spread the word about talent carriage and the benefit of HRSS. My job was to conduct market research and competitive analysis which helped me build a 20% bigger database of potential client databse. In order to complete this process, I had to research market trends, pinpoint businesses in need of HR process optimization, and assess the competitive environment. Following this, I also carried out surveys to learn more about the HR requirements of various Indian companies. I was able to create buyer personas and comprehensive profiles of our prospective customers thanks to the survey. Together with the sales team, these personas assisted me in developing BD strategy and practical insights. In addition, we were able to customize our strategy for various clientele groups, which improved the focus and efficacy of our sales pitches.

Required Skills and Knowledge

In order to succeed in this challenging role. I needed several skills including Research and analytical abilities which were very important in understanding and analyzing market trends. After this, I also improved my communication skills in this role both written and verbal. While conducting surveys and sending cold emails and sales pitches I honed my skill of communication by effectively communicating the benefits of Talent Carriage’s service. Building rapport and effectively presenting our solutions were key aspects of the role, requiring strong interpersonal and presentation skills.

What I Learned at Talent Carriage

This amazing summer internship helped me learn and hone various skills and pushed me beyond my comfort Zone. To begin with I gained a deep understanding of HR and how transformative HR-shared services can be for all organisations. The fast-paced and challenging environment also helped me hone my research and analytical capabilities. The most important skill I learned was clear and concise communication. This skill was crucial to creating good sales pitches and cold emails. Identifying the needs of organizations and tailor-making a sales pitch and presenting it compellingly.

Financial concepts related to my internship

Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC)

I found that knowing CAC was essential to the Business Development position at Talent Carriage. The average cost of gaining a new client is referred to as CAC. For BD teams to evaluate the effectiveness of their sales activities, this statistic is crucial. Talent Carriage calculates the cost per lead generated and, eventually, the cost of obtaining a new client who signs up for their HRSS services by examining our research and outreach efforts. An effective sales approach is shown by a low CAC in comparison to the revenue a client generates. Our understanding of CAC, helped us adjust our outreach strategies to focus on the most economical market groups and improve the overall sales strategy.

Return on Investment (ROI)

While CAC focuses on the cost of acquiring a client, ROI analyzes the return on investment generated by a client. ROI would be determined by comparing the revenue from Talent Carriage’s HRSS services against the costs associated with acquiring and retaining those clients. We were able to evaluate the effectiveness of Talent Carriage’s business model and identify areas that required improvement thanks to our understanding of ROI. When sales presentations emphasize the financial benefits for potential customers and demonstrate the favorable return on investment (ROI) that the HRSS model produces for clients, they become more appealing.

What I learned during my internship

The three main things I learnt during my internship at Talent Carriage are as follows: I gained information about the structure and working environment at Talent Carriage. I learnt about digital transformation, particularly HRSS Proccess. I acquired an insight about the soft and hard skills required to work as an Business development Intern.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

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   ▶ Alexandre VERLET Classic brain teasers from real-life interviews

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Useful resources

Talent Carriage

Bhavna Deuglo What is HRSS and How Can It Benefit Your Business?

About the author

The article was written in November 2024 by Vardaan CHAWLA (ESSEC Business School, Master in Strategy and Management of International Business (SMIB), 2020-2023).

The Gold Standard

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The Gold Standard

Nithisha CHALLA

In this article, Nithisha CHALLA (ESSEC Business School, Grande Ecole Program – Master in Management (MiM), 2021-2024) explores the origins, implementation, and eventual decline of the gold standard, leading to the establishment of the Bretton Woods system, which redefined global financial stability in the post-World War II era.

Introduction

The concept of using gold as a basis for currency emerged in the early 19th century, aiming to provide a universally accepted standard of value for trade and to reduce inflation. Countries agreed that their paper currency could be exchanged for a fixed amount of gold, which limited the amount of money governments could issue, thus preventing inflation.

The United Kingdom was one of the earliest adopters, establishing the gold standard formally in 1821. The system allowed Britain to stabilize its currency and promote global trade, reinforcing its position as a leading global economic power. This model inspired other countries to adopt similar standards. By the late 19th century, several countries, including the United States (1900), Germany (1873), and France (1873), adopted the gold standard. The U.S. had been on a de facto gold standard since 1879 and later officially adopted the gold standard in 1900 with the Gold Standard Act, and the practice became increasingly popular as global trade expanded.

The Gold Standard’s Role in Economic Stability

Some key features of the classical gold standard are exchange rates, price stability, and discipline in monetary policy.

Stabilizing Exchange Rates

One of the primary benefits of the gold standard was stable exchange rates, which encouraged international trade and investment. By fixing the value of their currencies to a certain amount of gold, countries reduced currency fluctuation, making trade more predictable.

Preventing Inflation

Price stability (low inflation) was demanded since governments could only print as much currency as their gold reserves permitted. The gold standard limited excessive money printing and helped prevent inflation.

International Trust and Trade

The gold standard fostered trust among trading nations because gold-backed currencies reduced the risk of devaluation. Trade partners knew they were dealing in stable, reliable currencies.

Countries that Opted Out of the Gold Standard

According to an article published by Cooper, R Dornbusch and Hall (1982), until the late 19th century most countries were on a bimetallic standard, interspersed with occasional periods of inconvertible paper (as in the United States in the 1780s and the 1862-78 period, or Britain from 1797 to 1821). Some countries, such as China and Mexico, were only based on silver until the twentieth century. Holland and Belgium even switched from bimetallism to silver alone in 1850 on the grounds (following the California gold discoveries in 1848) that gold was too unstable to provide the basis for the currency. The United States adopted a de facto gold standard with the resumption of specie payment on the Civil War greenbacks in 1879 (some would say it was formal since the standard silver dollar was dropped from the coinage in the “crime of 1873”); it moved formally with the Gold Standard Act of 1900.

Though several countries opted for the classical gold standard, there were still many countries who chose to opt out because of economic challenges:

  • Economic Challenges and Opt-Outs: Some countries struggled to adopt the gold standard, especially those with weaker economies or limited gold reserves. For example, several Latin American countries and parts of Eastern Europe either delayed adopting the standard or abandoned it after a short period due to limited gold resources.
  • Flexibility vs. Stability Debate: Countries facing frequent economic crises found the gold standard too restrictive. By adhering to a strict gold-based system, governments had less flexibility to respond to economic downturns, which later became a crucial issue in the Great Depression.

The Great Depression and the Decline of the Gold Standard

During the Great Depression (1929–1939), many countries faced extreme economic challenges. The rigid nature of the gold standard prevented governments from increasing the money supply to stimulate growth, worsening the economic crisis.

In response, several major economies, including the United Kingdom (1931) and the United States (1933 under President Franklin D. Roosevelt), abandoned the gold standard to regain control over their monetary policies. This allowed them to inject liquidity into the economy, stimulating growth and reducing unemployment. The gold standard was briefly reinstated in a modified form, known as the “gold exchange standard,” but it was ultimately unsustainable in the post-Depression global economy.

Transition from the Gold Standard to the Bretton Woods System

After World War II, the world needed a new financial system to prevent the economic instability that had contributed to the Great Depression. The gold standard was no longer viable, but there was still a need for a stable international currency framework.

In 1944, delegates from 44 nations gathered in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, to establish a new global monetary system. The Bretton Woods system introduced a modified form of the gold standard where the U.S. dollar became the central reserve currency, convertible to gold at a fixed rate of $35 per ounce.

Some key features of the Bretton Woods system were:

  • U.S. Dollar as the Global Reserve: Countries agreed to peg their currencies to the U.S. dollar, and in turn, the dollar was backed by gold. This established the U.S. as the central player in global finance.
  • International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank: The Bretton Woods conference also established the IMF and the World Bank to oversee exchange rates, provide financial assistance, and promote economic development.

The figure below shows the dollar conversion price to gold bullion for the period 1914-2024.

Dollar conversion price to gold bullion for the period 1914-2024
Dollar conversion price to gold bullion for the period 1914-2024
Source: Wikipedia

By the 1960s, the U.S. began running significant trade deficits, and its gold reserves dwindled as foreign governments exchanged dollars for gold. The U.S. could no longer sustain the gold-dollar convertibility at the set rate of $35 per ounce. In 1971, President Richard Nixon announced the end of dollar convertibility to gold, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system. This decision led to a floating exchange rate system, where currencies were no longer tied to gold but fluctuated based on market forces.

Conclusion

The gold standard played a vital role in creating a stable economic environment and promoting international trade in the 19th and early 20th centuries. However, its rigidity limited countries’ ability to respond to economic crises, eventually leading to its abandonment during the Great Depression. The Bretton Woods system provided a middle ground, establishing a dollar-based standard that aimed to maintain stability while allowing more flexibility. However, as global economies evolved, even this system proved unsustainable, paving the way for today’s floating exchange rate regime.

Why should I be interested in this post?

Gold has been a key financial asset for centuries, acting as a store of value, a hedge against inflation, and a safe-haven asset during economic crises. Understanding its investment options helps students grasp fundamental market dynamics and investor behavior, especially during periods of economic uncertainty.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ Nithisha CHALLA History of Gold

   ▶ Nithisha CHALLA Gold resources in the world

Useful resources

Academic research

Cooper RN, R Dornbusch, RE Hall (1982) The Gold Standard: Historical Facts and Future Prospects, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1982(1): 1-56.

Business

World gold council The Bretton Woods System

Federal Reserve History Creation of the Bretton Woods System

Other

Wikipedia Gold

Wikipedia Bretton Woods system

About the author

The article was written in November 2024 by Nithisha CHALLA (ESSEC Business School, Grande Ecole Program – Master in Management (MiM), 2021-2024).

My experience as an Accounting Assistant at Dafinity

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My experience as an Accounting Assistant at Dafinity

Samia DARMELLAH

In this article, Samia DARMELLAH (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA, 2020-2024) shares her professional experience as an Accounting Assistant at Dafinity.

About Dafinity

Dafinity is a well-established accounting firm in France, dedicated to providing tailored financial services to its clients.

They offer three main services: Part-Time CFO Services, Transaction Advisory Services (TAS), and Digital Transformation Consulting (TD).

Part-Time CFO Services

This means they provide expert financial leadership to companies that may not need a full-time Chief Financial Officer. They help guide these businesses through financial challenges and support their growth.

Transaction Advisory Services (TAS)

This service helps businesses with important financial transactions, like mergers or acquisitions, ensuring everything goes smoothly.

Digital Transformation Consulting (TD)

Dafinity assists companies in automating and optimizing their financial processes, making their operations more efficient.

The firm has worked with several notable clients, including BPI France, Deepki, and Djoko. Its dedication to quality service has made it a trusted partner for many businesses.

During my three-month internship at Dafinity (Spring 2021), I had the chance to work as an Accounting Assistant. In this role, my primary responsibilities included entering accounting entries, preparing tax returns, and assisting in the monthly review of accounts. This experience allowed me to gain valuable insights into the financial processes of a leading accounting firm and sharpen my analytical skills as I learned to assess the financial health of various clients.

Logo of Dafinity.
Logo of Dafinity
Source: Dafinity.

My missions

During my three-month internship as an accounting assistant at Dafinity, I had the opportunity to dive into a variety of tasks that significantly contributed to my professional growth. Each responsibility offered a unique learning experience that enhanced my understanding of the accounting field.

One of my key tasks was entering accounting data into the firm’s systems. This role was crucial because it emphasized the importance of accuracy and attention to detail in financial reporting. I quickly learned that even the smallest error could lead to larger discrepancies down the line.

I also participated in the review of monthly accounts, where I checked financial statements for accuracy. This process provided me with valuable insights into how businesses manage their finances and maintain their financial health. It was fascinating to see firsthand the level of scrutiny that goes into ensuring financial statements are precise and reflective of reality.

Additionally, I contributed to preparing tax returns, including VAT (Value Added Tax) and other corporate taxes. This task introduced me to the complexities of tax regulations and the necessity of compliance, revealing just how critical it is for businesses to stay on top of their tax obligations.

Interacting with clients was another significant aspect of my role. I managed document requests and provided guidance, which greatly improved my communication skills. These interactions taught me the importance of understanding clients’ needs and being able to offer solutions that align with their goals.

Finally, I assisted in the preparation of documents for annual audits. This experience underscored the significance of transparency and accuracy in financial reporting. I realized that thorough preparation is key to a successful audit, reinforcing the importance of diligence in all aspects of accounting.

Required skills and knowledge

During my internship, I learned that several important skills and knowledge areas are essential for success in accounting. First, being comfortable with accounting software, particularly Excel, was crucial for tasks like entering data and analyzing financial information. Understanding basic accounting principles and tax regulations was also necessary to prepare accurate tax returns and ensure compliance with laws.

Additionally, effective communication was important because I frequently interacted with clients. Being able to explain information clearly helped build trust and ensured that clients felt supported. Attention to detail was vital, as even small errors in accounting can lead to significant issues. Finally, being able to think critically and solve problems was important when faced with challenges, like discrepancies in financial records.

Overall, these experiences helped me grow and prepared me for future opportunities in finance.

What This Experience Brought Me

My time at Dafinity has been incredibly rewarding for several reasons:

Skill Development

I gained hands-on experience in accounting and finance, which complements what I’ve learned in school. This practical knowledge will be invaluable as I continue my career.

Understanding the Firm’s Environment

Working at Dafinity gave me a clear picture of how an accounting firm operates. I learned about the services they offer, like part-time CFO support and transaction advisory services, and how these help businesses succeed.

Interpersonal Skills

Working with clients improved my communication skills and taught me how important it is to build good relationships in a professional setting. Understanding client needs and providing solutions is key to success.

Financial concepts related my internship

Cash-flow

Cash flow refers to the movement of money in and out of a business, indicating its liquidity and financial health. It is essential for maintaining operations and meeting obligations. During my internship at Dafinity, I gained insights into how businesses manage their cash flow by monitoring receivables and payables. Understanding cash flow was crucial for helping clients develop strategies to optimize their financial resources, ensuring they have enough liquidity to support their operations and growth initiatives.

Depreciation

Depreciation is the method used to allocate the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life, reflecting the asset’s reduction in value over time. This accounting concept is vital for accurate financial reporting and tax calculations. In my role as an accounting assistant, I was involved in preparing financial statements where I learned how depreciation impacts a company’s profit margins and tax liabilities. Properly accounting for depreciation helps businesses provide a clearer picture of their financial position and comply with accounting standards.

Fixed Assets

Fixed assets refer to the long-term tangible assets that a company owns and uses in its operations, such as buildings, machinery, and equipment. These assets are critical for generating revenue and sustaining operations. During my internship, I analyzed the fixed assets of clients to assess their asset utilization and long-term financial planning. Understanding the implications of fixed assets helped me recognize how investments in these assets can drive growth and efficiency, emphasizing the importance of strategic asset management in financial decision-making

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

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   ▶ Louis DETALLE A quick review of the Accountant job in France…

   ▶ Lou PERRONE Free Cash Flow: A Critical Metric in Finance

Useful resources

Dafinity

About the author

The article was written in October 2024 by Samia DARMELLAH Samia DARMELLAH (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA, 2020-2024).

My Experience as a Credit Risk Portfolio Analyst at Société Générale Private Banking

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My Experience as a Credit Risk Portfolio Analyst at Société Générale Private Banking

Samia DARMELLAH

In this article, Samia DARMELLAH (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA, 2020-2024) shares her professional experience as a Credit Risk Portfolio Analyst apprentice within Société Générale Private Banking.

Société Générale

Société Générale is a major player in French banking, established in 1864. According to an Xerfi study (2024), it’s the third-largest bank in France, behind BNP Paribas and Crédit Agricole (in terms of net banking income (NBI)), and plays a crucial role in the financial landscape. It also ranks as the sixth-largest bank in Europe and the twenty-first largest worldwide.

I have the opportunity to work as a Credit Risk Portfolio Analyst apprentice within Société Générale Private Banking for two and a half years (2022-2024). In this role, my primary responsibility was to assess and monitor the risks associated with the loans provided by the private bank.

Logo of Société Générale.
Logo of Société Générale - Credit Risk Portfolio Analyst
Source: Société Générale.

What is a Credit Risk Portfolio Analyst?

A Credit Risk Portfolio Analyst, also called “Credit Risk Analyst,” has the principal task of monitoring the bank’s credit portfolios to ensure that counterparties (borrowers) can repay their debts. In other words, we continuously evaluate the financial health of borrowers, whether companies or individuals, to prevent potential losses for the bank.

In the private banking sector at Société Générale, clients are often wealthy individuals or companies with significant assets. This sometimes complicates risk assessment, as we need to analyze various types of assets used as collateral, such as stocks, bonds, or mutual funds.

My missions

1. Credit Portfolio Monitoring

One of my responsibilities is closely monitoring the bank’s credit portfolio, particularly those of private clients. This involves daily analysis of ongoing loans and assessing potential risks associated with changes in the economic and financial situation of borrowers.

I am also responsible for producing credit risk reports, where I analyze indicators such as Exposure At Default (EAD), Expected Credit Loss (ECL), and Risk-Weighted Assets (RWA). These data points help us identify where the risks lie and how best to respond to them.

2. Credit Provisioning

Another essential part of my job involves credit provisioning. In collaboration with financial and commercial teams, I help identify weakened counterparties—borrowers who may struggle to repay their debts. My role is to determine the necessary level of provisions to cover the risks, a delicate exercise that requires both caution and anticipation.

3. Stress Tests on Financial Assets

Another important mission involves stress tests. These tests simulate adverse economic scenarios to assess how the credit portfolio would react under such conditions. For example, we simulate a sharp drop in financial markets or an economic crisis and analyze the impact on collateralized assets such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. These simulations help us prepare for unforeseen events and ensure better risk management.

4. Regulatory Projects

The banking sector is highly regulated, and I am involved in implementing new regulatory projects. This includes, for example, adapting to new European and international standards, such as those set by the Basel Committee, which dictate rules on credit risk management. This work involves a lot of coordination between teams and requires an understanding of the technical implications of these regulations.

Required skills and knowledge

Throughout my apprenticeship, I develop a strong set of skills. Firstly, mastering financial tools specifically, I improve my Excel skills, essential for analyzing and manipulating complex financial data. I also work with specific banking risk management tools to assess credit risk and produce the required reports.

Additionally, risk assessment requires a keen eye for numbers, great rigor, and critical analytical skills. It is crucial to quickly identify warning signs while managing large volumes of data.

Finally, my role involves many interactions with commercial, financial, and regulatory teams. I learn to communicate my analyses clearly and collaborate closely with different stakeholders, which is essential for successfully managing risk projects.

What This Experience Brought Me

Working within the Risk Management department at Société Générale Private Banking has been a particularly enriching experience. I have the opportunity to work on complex topics and gradually gain autonomy. This position allows me to understand all aspects of credit risk management and the strategic implications for a major private bank.

I also have the chance to evolve in an environment that values continuous learning. I was able to train continuously, whether through exchanges with bank experts or internal training sessions. This experience has truly been a steppingstone for my future career, opening up numerous opportunities in the field of risk management and finance.

In conclusion, this apprenticeship as a Credit Risk Portfolio Analyst has been one of the most formative human and professional experiences. It allows me to acquire solid technical and analytical skills while immersing myself in the core issues of risk management for a major banking institution.

Financial concepts related my internship

Probability of Default (PD)

Probability of Default (PD) is a measure of how likely it is that a borrower will fail to repay a loan. It’s essentially an estimate of the probability that a company or individual won’t meet their financial obligations. Banks use this to assess how risky a loan might be before lending money.

Loss Given Default (LGD)

LGD measures the percentage of a loan that a lender expects to lose in case of default, after accounting for recoveries from collateral. It’s a key component in determining credit risk exposure. LGD is often combined with PD to calculate potential credit losses.

Stress Test

A stress test simulates adverse economic conditions to evaluate how a financial institution or portfolio would react to crises. It’s used to identify vulnerabilities and assess the resilience of assets under extreme scenarios. Stress tests are essential for risk management and regulatory compliance.

Why should I be interested in this post?

If you’re interested in the world of finance, the position of Credit Risk Portfolio Analyst offers a valuable opportunity. This role involves assessing and managing credit risk for high-net-worth individuals and large corporations, providing exposure to various areas of finance. You will be responsible for monitoring loan portfolios, conducting financial analysis, and preparing detailed reports, all of which require strong analytical skills and attention to detail.

I highly recommend pursuing this position, especially within a banking institution. Working at a bank allows you to gain essential experience in risk management with less complex credit situations. Once you have a solid foundation, you can consider advancing to roles in investment funds, where the stakes and responsibilities are significantly higher.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Jayati WALIA Credit Risk

   ▶ Matthieu MENAGER My professional experience as a credit analyst at Targobank

Useful resources

Presentation of Société Générale

Le risque de crédit – Cairn.info

L’univers des risques en finance – Cairn.info

About the author

The article was written in October 2024 by Samia DARMELLAH Samia DARMELLAH (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA, 2020-2024).

Weiji Zhang: The Entrepreneur Behind Buddyp2p – Innovating Peer-to-Peer Parking and EV Charging

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Weiji Zhang: The Entrepreneur Behind Buddyp2p – Innovating Peer-to-Peer Parking and EV Charging

Weiji Zhang

In this article, Weiji ZHANG shares his journey as the founder of Buddyp2p, a platform dedicated to peer-to-peer parking and electric vehicles (EV) charging. Originally from China and raised in Spain, Weiji brings an international perspective to his entrepreneurial endeavors, which focus on creating impactful, sustainable solutions.

About the Company

Buddyp2p

Buddyp2p was launched at the end of 2022 with a mission to create a sustainable impact by helping people reuse their resources. Initially conceived as a peer-to-peer car-sharing platform, Buddyp2p pivoted to focus on parking and EV charging sharing due to external factors. The platform differentiates itself by offering both services in one app, providing users with a convenient solution for managing parking and charging needs.

Logo of Buddyp2p.
Logo of Buddyp2p

Weiji’s Entrepreneurial Journey

Inspiration and Motivation

Weiji and his flatmate were inspired to start Buddyp2p by a desire to create a positive impact on society. Their motivation led them to develop a platform that encourages the efficient use of resources, aligning with broader sustainability goals. This focus on impact over profit is a core value that drives the company.

Challenges and Solutions

One of the biggest challenges Weiji faced was balancing his studies, social life, and entrepreneurial responsibilities. This required making sacrifices and prioritizing his business over other commitments. Additionally, Weiji encountered the risk of burnout, which he only realized later in his journey. Despite these challenges, his determination and ability to stay calm under pressure helped him navigate these obstacles successfully.

Milestones and Success Stories

Building a Strong Team

One of Buddyp2p’s significant milestones has been the development of a solid internal team, including experienced professionals in marketing, finance, and legal roles. This team has been crucial in driving the business forward and increasing its traction in the market.

Skills and Knowledge for Success

Weiji believes that determination, openness to feedback, and the ability to make sound judgments in challenging situations have been critical to his success. He also emphasizes the importance of maintaining an open mind and being receptive to criticism, which has allowed him to continuously improve and adapt.

Future Vision and Impact

Weiji envisions Buddyp2p having a significant impact on the industry and community in the coming years. By helping people monetize their unused parking spaces and encouraging the adoption of electric vehicles, Buddyp2p aims to contribute to a more sustainable future. The platform also plans to incentivize the use of solar energy, further aligning with environmental goals.

Advice for Aspiring Entrepreneurs

Weiji advises aspiring entrepreneurs to never give up, be self-critical, and network whenever possible. He also highlights the importance of being smart about giving up shares and not being greedy. Finally, he encourages young entrepreneurs to take risks and not be afraid of making mistakes, as these experiences are invaluable for growth.

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   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Alexandre VERLET Classic brain teasers from real-life interviews

Useful Resources

Buddyp2p

About the Author

The article was written in August 2024 by Weiji ZHANG, the founder of Buddyp2p.

Johan Sjöö: The Visionary Behind Hale – A Holistic Wellness Platform

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Johan Sjöö: The Visionary Behind Hale – A Holistic Wellness Platform

Johan SJOO

In this article, Johan SJOO shares his vision and journey as the founder of Hale, a company dedicated to mental health, self-improvement, and overall wellness. Although still in the conceptual phase, Johan’s commitment to creating a platform that empowers individuals to achieve their best selves is evident in his innovative approach.

About the Company

Hale

Hale is an upcoming platform focused on providing accessible mental health and self-improvement resources. The core offering will be a free-to-download app that integrates tools such as guided meditations, workout routines, breathwork sessions, and mental health tracking. Johan envisions Hale as a holistic platform that also includes physical recovery tools like ice baths and saunas, creating a comprehensive wellness ecosystem. The use of AI to provide personalized wellness plans is a key differentiator that sets Hale apart from other platforms in the industry.

Logo of Hale.
Logo of Hale

Johan’s Entrepreneurial Journey

Inspiration and Vision

The inspiration for Hale stemmed from Johan’s personal experiences and his observation of the growing mental health challenges faced by individuals globally. He is driven by a passion for helping people improve their mental and physical well-being, and he aims to make these resources widely accessible through Hale.

Challenges and Strategic Solutions

One of the anticipated challenges Johan faces is securing funding to bring Hale to life. To overcome this, he plans to network with potential investors, develop a detailed business plan, and create a prototype of the app. This approach will help him demonstrate the potential impact of Hale and attract the necessary resources to move forward.

Milestones and Success Stories

Developing the Hale App

A significant milestone Johan envisions is the completion of the Hale app’s initial prototype, followed by positive feedback from a focus group. This will validate the concept and provide valuable insights for further development, marking a critical step toward turning Hale into a reality.

Skills and Knowledge for Success

Johan believes that a deep understanding of mental health and wellness, proficiency in app development, and strong business acumen are crucial for success. Knowledge in user experience design and digital marketing will also be essential as he continues to develop and refine Hale. Continuous learning and staying updated with the latest trends in wellness technology will be key to the platform’s progress.

Future Vision and Impact

Johan hopes that Hale will revolutionize the wellness industry by providing accessible mental health and self-improvement tools. His goal is to positively impact communities by promoting mental well-being and empowering individuals to achieve their best selves. The incorporation of recovery tools like ice baths and saunas will contribute to a holistic approach to health.

Advice for Aspiring Entrepreneurs

Johan advises aspiring entrepreneurs to stay committed to their vision while remaining adaptable to changes. He emphasizes the importance of solving real problems and prioritizing user needs. Building a network of mentors and peers can provide invaluable support, and ensuring that your business model includes sustainability and accessibility will maximize your impact.

Related Posts on the SimTrade Blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Alexandre VERLET Classic brain teasers from real-life interviews

Useful Resources

Hale

About the Author

The article was written in August 2024 by Johan SJOO, the founder of Hale.

Álvaro Jiménez: The Creative Force Behind Watchderful and OurWater

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Álvaro Jiménez: The Creative Force Behind Watchderful and OurWater

Alvaro JIMENEZ

In this article, Álvaro JIMENEZ shares his journey as an entrepreneur, his insights into creating two distinct businesses—Watchderful and OurWater—and the lessons he’s learned along the way.

About the Companies

Watchderful

Watchderful, founded nearly four years ago, is a brand born from Álvaro’s passion for watches. The company specializes in creating custom, hand-painted timepieces that are not just luxurious, but also unique. Unlike competitors who mass-produce “limited edition” watches, Watchderful focuses on exclusivity, offering one-of-a-kind pieces that embody a strong motivational message for the wearer.

Logo of Watchderful.
Logo of Watchderful

OurWater

OurWater is a pioneering company in Europe that provides water for free, with a unique business model that relies on sponsorships and advertisements placed on the bottles. Inspired by a similar concept in the United States, Álvaro and his team have positioned OurWater as a brand that not only offers a necessary resource but also challenges the status quo in the beverage industry.

Logo of OurWater.
Logo of OurWater

Álvaro’s Entrepreneurial Journey

Early Beginnings

Álvaro’s entrepreneurial spirit ignited at the age of 15 when he launched his first business, Emperor_Logos, on Instagram. This venture, which involved creating logos and editing videos, was the stepping stone to his later success. His passion for watches began when he purchased his first quality timepiece, a Hamilton Pan-Europ, which ultimately led to the founding of Watchderful.

Challenges and Overcoming Them

One of the significant challenges Álvaro faced was navigating the legal landscape in Spain, particularly the complexities of tax obligations. A specific incident with OurWater highlighted the financial risks of missing a payment, which spiraled into a substantial debt. However, Álvaro managed to overcome this setback, and the experience taught him the importance of keeping a close watch on finances and legal responsibilities.

Milestones and Success Stories

Watchderful’s “ONE OF TEN” Collection

The “ONE OF TEN” collection represents a major milestone for Watchderful. This exclusive line features watches adorned with precious stones and high-quality Swiss movements, each custom-designed to meet the desires of elite clients. Selling these watches at $5000 each, Álvaro has already secured buyers for several pieces, further solidifying Watchderful’s position in the luxury market.

Skills and Knowledge for Success

Álvaro attributes his success to a blend of patience, consistency, creativity, negotiation skills, and watchmaking expertise. He emphasizes that patience is key, as building a business takes time, and consistency in effort is crucial. Creativity sets his brand apart, while strong negotiation skills help him navigate the competitive landscape. His deep understanding of watchmaking also gives him a significant edge in a field that requires precision and attention to detail.

Future Vision and Impact

Álvaro envisions Watchderful becoming a legacy brand, similar to Rolex, but with a more profound message. He is determined to make Watchderful a name that endures for generations. For OurWater, Álvaro aims to disrupt the market further by challenging large corporations and ensuring that access to clean water becomes a universal right.

Advice for Aspiring Entrepreneurs

Álvaro’s advice to aspiring entrepreneurs is simple: take action. He believes that hands-on experience is the best teacher. He encourages others to follow their passions, stay consistent, and never lose sight of their goals, no matter how challenging the journey may be.

Related Posts on the SimTrade Blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Alexandre VERLET Classic brain teasers from real-life interviews

Useful Resources

Watchderful

OurWater

About the Author

The article was written in August 2024 by Álvaro JIMENEZ, the founder of Watchderful and OurWater.

My Internship Experience as a Strategy Consultant at Devlhon Consulting

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My Internship Experience as a Strategy Consultant at Devlhon Consulting

Mickael RUFFIN

In this article, Mickael RUFFIN (ESSEC Business School, Master in Strategy and Management of International Business (SMIB), 2023-2024) shares his professional experience as a Strategy Intern Consultant at Devlhon Consulting.

My Internship

My six-month internship in 2021 at Devlhon Consulting as a Strategy Consultant was a period filled with learning opportunities and stimulating challenges. From the onset, I was involved in high-value projects, for example, the reorganization of an north Africa ban’s branch network, allowing me to apply my strategic analysis skills and enhance company performance.

Logo of Devlhon Consulting.
Logo of Devlhon Consulting
Source: the company.

The Department

Devlhon Consulting’s Strategy Department focuses on providing strategic advisory services to improve client profitability and operational efficiency. The department handles a diverse range of projects, including market analysis, business restructuring, and financial performance improvement for various industries (for example, AXA, BNPP, Attijariwafa Bank,Dioul

My Missions

One of the most significant projects I undertook was conducting a strategic due diligence to enhance the profitability of a North African bank. This project allowed me to understand the nuances of African financial markets and develop actionable recommendations for improving the bank’s financial performance. Another key assignment was analyzing a Net-Zero banking tool for a French bank as part of its long-term strategic planning, which involved sustainability and green finance considerations. The tool was a software to be tested, allowing the bank to evaluate the carbon impact of the projects it was financing, with the aim of finding a balance between pollution and depollution.

Required Skills and Knowledge

The internship required a blend of technical and interpersonal skills. Technical skills included strategic analysis, financial modeling, and proficiency in data analysis tools (Power BI or Power Pivot and Dax). Interpersonal skills involved effective communication, teamwork, and the ability to present complex information clearly to clients and stakeholders.

What I Learned

I also contributed to the overhaul of a Cameroonian fintech’s business plan, similar to Lydia. By proposing practical adaptations, I helped the company strengthen its business model to better meet local market needs. These experiences enriched my professional journey, providing me with a global and strategic view of banking and financial operations, while developing essential skills in analysis and project management.

Financial Concepts Related to My Internship

Three financial concepts that were closely related to my internship at Devlhon Consulting include strategic due diligence, business model analysis, and sustainability in finance.

Strategic Due Diligence

Strategic due diligence was crucial for assessing the financial health and growth potential of the North African bank. This involved evaluating financial statements, market conditions, and competitive positioning to make informed recommendations. My role required meticulous analysis and strategic thinking to identify opportunities for profitability improvement.

Business Model Analysis

Analyzing the business model of the Cameroonian fintech required a deep understanding of financial structures, revenue streams, and market dynamics. I developed a comprehensive business plan that included financial projections and strategic initiatives to enhance the company’s competitive edge and market responsiveness.

Sustainability in Finance

The analysis of the Net-Zero banking tool involved integrating sustainability principles into financial planning. This concept focused on aligning banking practices with environmental goals, such as reducing carbon footprints and promoting green investments. My work contributed to developing strategies that balanced financial performance with sustainability objectives.

Why should I be interested in this post?

This position provides an overview of the various professions and actors in the finance sector, especially in FIG (Financial Institutions Group). It is a good first internship to discover a wide range of careers.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Alexandre VERLET Classic brain teasers from real-life interviews

Useful resources

Company Website

Recruitment Platform

About the author

The article was written in August 2024 by Mickael RUFFIN (ESSEC Business School, Master in Strategy and Management of International Business (SMIB), 2023-2024) .

My Internship Experience as a Structured Finance Analyst at Société Générale

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My Internship Experience as a Structured Finance Analyst at Société Générale

Mickael RUFFIN

In this article, Mickael RUFFIN (ESSEC Business School, Master in Strategy and Management of International Business (SMIB), 2023-2024) shares his professional experience as a Structured Finance Analyst Intern at Société Générale.

My Internship

During my one-year apprenticeship at Société Générale CIB, I had the opportunity to work as a Structured Finance Analyst within the S&E (Sanction & Embargo) team. This experience was a crucial step in my career, providing me with an in-depth understanding of the complex dynamics of finance within the context of international sanctions and economic embargoes.

Logo of Société Générale CIB.
Logo of Société Générale CIB
Source: the company.

The Department

The S&E team at Société Générale is responsible for managing the bank’s activities in regions affected (Sanction Country.png) by international sanctions and embargoes. This includes ensuring compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, assessing the risks associated with operating in these areas, and structuring financial solutions that adhere to these constraints.

Sanction Country.
Sanction Country
Source: GAO.

My Missions

My primary role involved assisting with the financial structuring for French firms operating in sanctioned and embargoed regions. I quickly grasped the importance of meticulous risk assessment and financial modeling to ensure the success of projects in these restrictive environments. One of my significant achievements was modeling joint-venture finance in the oil and gas sector, a project that required a precise understanding of investment risks and international sanction regulations.

Required Skills and Knowledge

This internship required a combination of soft and hard skills. On the technical side, I needed strong financial modeling capabilities, an understanding of international sanctions law, and proficiency in data analysis tools. Soft skills included effective communication, especially when presenting complex financial models to the executive committee, and strong problem-solving abilities to navigate the challenges posed by operating in high-risk regions.

What I Learned

One of the most rewarding aspects of this internship was leading comprehensive due diligence processes for significant capital investments. For example, I conducted a thorough due diligence for a $300 million capital expenditure acquisition for a defense entity operating in an embargoed region. This project enhanced my data analysis skills and regulatory compliance knowledge. Presenting these models and projects to the executive committee for strategic review enriched my ability to communicate complex financial information clearly and persuasively.

Financial Concepts Related to My Internship

Three financial concepts were particularly relevant during my internship: risk assessment, financial structuring, and due diligence.

Risk Assessment

Risk assessment was crucial in evaluating the feasibility of financial projects in sanctioned regions. This involved analyzing political and economic conditions, understanding legal constraints, and forecasting potential financial impacts. My role required me to develop comprehensive risk assessment models that informed strategic decision-making.

Financial Structuring

Financial structuring involved designing financial solutions that complied with international sanctions while meeting the needs of our clients. This required a deep understanding of financial instruments and regulatory frameworks. I was responsible for creating financial models that balanced risk and return, ensuring compliance and profitability.

Due Diligence

Due diligence was a critical part of my responsibilities, involving thorough investigations into potential investments to ensure they met all regulatory and financial criteria. This process included financial analysis, risk evaluation, and legal compliance checks. My experience in conducting due diligence for large-scale acquisitions honed my analytical skills and attention to detail.

Why should I be interested in this post?

This experience can be very interesting if you want to work either in investment banking or at the Ministry of Finance or Economy. This position combines financial technicality and the importance of understanding geopolitical issues related to the strategies of major French companies.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Alexandre VERLET Classic brain teasers from real-life interviews

Useful resources

SG CIB Website

About the author

The article was written in August 2024 by Mickael RUFFIN (ESSEC Business School, Master in Strategy and Management of International Business (SMIB), 2023-2024) .

Guide de survie d’un stagiaire en finance de marché : Faut-il croire ChatGPT ?

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Guide de survie d’un stagiaire en finance de marché : Faut-il croire ChatGPT ?

Esten CHAUVIN

Dans cet article, Esten CHAUVIN (ESSEC Business School, Grande Ecole – Master in Management, 2023-2026) partage son expérience et ses conseils pour survivre et réussir en tant que stagiaire en finance de marché. Cet article est destiné aux étudiants qui s’apprêtent à commencer leur premier stage dans ce domaine exigeant mais passionnant.

Introduction

Un stage en finance de marché peut être intimidant, mais avec les bons outils et les bonnes astuces, vous pouvez non seulement survivre mais aussi prospérer. Voici un guide pratique pour vous aider à naviguer dans cet environnement dynamique et souvent stressant, en comparant les conseils généraux avec mon expérience réelle chez Oddo BHF.

1. Soyez ponctuel et organisé

Conseil général : La ponctualité est essentielle en finance de marché. Arrivez tôt, préparez votre journée et soyez prêt avant l’ouverture des marchés. Utilisez des outils comme des listes de tâches et des agendas pour rester organisé et gérer efficacement votre temps.

Mon expérience : Ce conseil est crucial. Arriver entre 7h30 et 8h me permettait de bien préparer ma journée avant l’ouverture des marchés à 9h. Utiliser des listes de tâches et des agendas électroniques m’a aidé à suivre les nombreuses responsabilités et à respecter les délais serrés. Mais attention, une liste de tâches interminable ne doit pas vous transformer en robot de la finance. Prenez le temps de respirer, un café à la main, tout en admirant la vue matinale sur l’A86 qui bouchonne sous la pluie.

Conseils supplémentaires :

  • Utilisez un carnet ou une application pour noter vos tâches quotidiennes.
  • Prévoyez un temps chaque matin pour organiser votre journée.
  • Anticipez les délais et planifiez à l’avance pour éviter les surprises de dernière minute.

2. Posez des questions et soyez curieux

Conseil général : Ne vous inquiétez pas si vous ne comprenez pas tout au début. La finance de marché est complexe et il est normal d’avoir des questions. Montrez votre intérêt et votre volonté d’apprendre en posant des questions pertinentes.

Mon expérience : Poser des questions est indispensable, mais il faut le faire de manière stratégique. J’ai appris à poser des questions après avoir fait mes propres recherches, ce qui montrait que j’étais proactif et désireux de comprendre en profondeur. Une recherche Google de 15 secondes peut souvent résoudre plus de problèmes qu’on ne le pense.

Conseils supplémentaires :

  • N’ayez pas peur de demander des clarifications à vos collègues ou supérieurs.
  • Faites des recherches supplémentaires pour approfondir votre compréhension.
  • Participez activement aux réunions et discussions.

3. Soyez proactif et prenez des initiatives

Conseil général : Ne vous contentez pas d’attendre que l’on vous donne des tâches. Proposez votre aide et cherchez des moyens d’apporter de la valeur à votre équipe. Votre initiative sera remarquée et appréciée.

Mon expérience : Être proactif est effectivement très apprécié. Proposer d’aider sur des projets ou d’améliorer certains processus m’a permis de me démarquer et de gagner la confiance de mon équipe. Attention cependant à ne pas vouloir tout révolutionner dès la première semaine. Commencez par de petites améliorations et gagnez petit à petit la confiance de vos collègues. Souvenez-vous, Rome ne s’est pas faite en un jour, et votre crédibilité non plus.

Conseils supplémentaires :

  • Identifiez les domaines où vous pouvez contribuer et proposez des solutions.
  • Saisissez les opportunités d’assumer de nouvelles responsabilités.
  • Montrez que vous êtes un membre actif et engagé de l’équipe.

4. Développez vos compétences techniques

Conseil général : En finance de marché, des compétences techniques solides sont indispensables. Familiarisez-vous avec les outils et logiciels utilisés dans votre entreprise et cherchez à améliorer continuellement vos compétences.

Mon expérience : Ce conseil est essentiel. Maîtriser Excel et d’autres outils analytiques m’a permis de gérer efficacement les tâches complexes. J’ai également appris à utiliser des plateformes de trading et des systèmes de gestion des risques spécifiques à mon entreprise. Maîtriser Excel en profondeur permet vraiment de gagner un temps fou et réussir à utiliser Excel sans toucher à votre souris vous permettra de gagner à coup sûr le respect de tous l’open space.

Conseils supplémentaires :

  • Maîtrisez Excel et d’autres outils analytiques couramment utilisés.
  • Apprenez à utiliser les plateformes de trading et les systèmes de gestion des risques.
  • Participez à des formations ou des webinaires pour rester à jour.

5. Soyez flexible et adaptable

Conseil général : Les marchés financiers sont imprévisibles et les priorités peuvent changer rapidement. Soyez prêt à vous adapter et à changer de cap lorsque nécessaire.

Mon expérience : La flexibilité est cruciale en finance de marché. Les situations peuvent évoluer rapidement, et il est important de rester calme et adaptable. Par exemple, lors de l’annonce de nouvelles économiques importantes, nous devions réagir rapidement pour ajuster nos stratégies. Rappelez-vous que l’imprévu fait partie du jeu et que chaque crise est aussi une opportunité de montrer votre capacité à gérer le stress avec grâce… ou du moins sans paniquer ouvertement.

Conseils supplémentaires :

  • Restez calme et professionnel, même en période de stress.
  • Adaptez-vous aux nouvelles situations et soyez prêt à apprendre de nouvelles compétences.
  • Maintenez une attitude positive et proactive.

6. Prenez soin de vous

Conseil général : Il est facile de se laisser submerger par le travail, mais il est important de prendre soin de votre santé physique et mentale. Faites des pauses régulières, mangez équilibré et assurez-vous de bien dormir.

Mon expérience : Ce conseil ne peut pas être sous-estimé. Travailler de longues heures peut être épuisant. J’ai trouvé qu’il était essentiel de prendre des pauses, de faire de l’exercice régulièrement et de maintenir une alimentation saine pour rester performant et éviter le burn-out. N’oubliez pas que le café et les 3 cigarettes du matin ne remplacent pas un bon petit déjeuner, et qu’une bonne nuit de sommeil vaut mieux que tous les compléments et produits énergisants possibles et imaginables.

Conseils supplémentaires :

  • Faites de l’exercice régulièrement pour réduire le stress.
  • Adoptez une alimentation saine et équilibrée.
  • Assurez-vous de dormir suffisamment chaque nuit.

Conclusion

Un stage en finance de marché est une expérience exigeante mais extrêmement enrichissante. En suivant ces conseils et en adoptant une attitude proactive et positive, vous maximiserez vos chances de succès et tirerez le meilleur parti de cette opportunité. Les conseils généraux peuvent vous donner une bonne base, mais adapter ces conseils à votre propre expérience et contexte est crucial pour réussir. Bonne chance !

Ressources utiles

How to Get an Internship in Finance par Handshake (2023)

HBR Guide to Finance Basics for Managers par Harvard Business Review (2012)

À propos de l’auteur

Cet article a été écrit en juillet 2024 par Esten Chauvin, étudiant en Master de Management à l’ESSEC Business School, ancien stagiaire OTC Derivatives, Stock Loans, Repo Loans chez Oddo BHF.

My experience as a junior consultant in a communications agency

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My experience as a junior consultant in a communications agency

Margaux DEVERGNE

In this article, Margaux DEVERGNE (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA, 2020-2024) shares her professional experience as a trainee in Angie, a communications agency in Paris (May-August 2021).

About the company

Angie is a distinguished French communications and influence agency based in Paris, recognized for its comprehensive and innovative approach to brand communications.

Founded in 1988, Angie initially started as a press relations agency. Over the years, it has expanded its scope to provide a broad range of communications strategies and support for brands across various industries. This evolution reflects Angie’s commitment to adapting to the changing landscape of communications and influence.

Angie positions itself as a “co-influence and engagement” agency, offering an extensive array of services. These services encompass media relations, crisis management, public affairs, social media, influencer marketing, and data intelligence. Additionally, Angie excels in editorial services, including content creation, storytelling, website content, and reporting. The agency also specializes in internal communications, conducting audits, managing transformations, and producing internal magazines and newsletters. Furthermore, Angie offers expertise in corporate social responsibility (CSR) communications and business to business (B-to-B) marketing, providing content marketing, thought leadership, loyalty programs, and social selling. Their capabilities in user experience (UX) and technology, including search engine optimization (SEO) and website/app development, further enhance their service offerings.

With a team of around 60 employees (in 2020), Angie adopts an integrated approach that covers strategy, creative services, production, and execution across multiple channels (LinkedIn, Twitter, Instagram, newsletters, etc.). Angie adopts an integrated approach that covers strategy, creative services, production, and execution across multiple channels to ensure a coherent and effective campaign. This holistic methodology ensures that clients receive tailored and effective communication solutions.

Angie boasts a diverse portfolio of clients from various sectors. Well-known clients include La Poste, the French postal service, and Pôle Emploi, the French employment agency. This diverse clientele underscores Angie’s ability to cater to different industries and their unique communication needs.

As an independent communications group headquartered in Paris, Angie has expanded its capabilities by establishing subsidiaries such as Angie Edition, Angie Interactive, and 35 Mai Productions. These subsidiaries enable Angie to offer in-house content creation and production services, further solidifying its position in the market.

Although specific financial figures are not publicly available, Angie’s reputation in the French communications industry speaks volumes. The company is known for its innovative and integrated approach to brand communications and influence, establishing itself as a reputable player in the industry.

Logo of the company.
Logo of Angie
Source: Angie.

My internship

As a junior consultant trainee at Angie, I have been fully immersed in a dynamic and creative environment at the core of multidisciplinary teams. Each day, I collaborate with strategists, creatives, digital experts, and press relations officers to develop innovative 360° communication strategies for high-profile clients. My responsibilities include content curation, social media posting, weekly monitoring, newsletter writing, and performance analysis (a systematic approach used to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of various processes, projects, or systems within an organization). I conduct in-depth market research, analyzing online trends and conversations to uncover relevant marketing insights. Additionally, I actively contribute to the design of impactful marketing campaigns by proposing creative concepts and producing compelling editorial c (for instance newsletters, monitoring, etc…).

This internship provided me with the opportunity to develop cutting-edge expertise in the fields of influence, digital marketing, and public relations. I am gaining insights into the latest crisis management and brand communication techniques (brand messaging, visual identity, social media engagement, public relations…). Most importantly, I benefit from the personalized support of experienced consultants who generously share their expertise. Their sound advice and considerate mentoring guide me through my training at this prestigious agency. Each day presents a new opportunity to learn, grow professionally, and prepare for future challenges in this exciting sector.

My missions

As a junior consultant intern at Angie, my mission involves engaging with major business to business (B-to-B) and business to consumer (B-to-C) accounts in the luxury, lifestyle, care, and travel sectors. My responsibilities include curating high-quality content and writing tweets and LinkedIn posts for prominent companies. I am also learning to navigate and utilize the Sprinklr platform (a comprehensive customer experience management (CXM) platform designed to help businesses manage their social media presence, marketing, advertising, research, and customer service across various digital channels) effectively. Additionally, I am strengthening my skills in using X (Twitter), LinkedIn, and Canva to enhance digital communication strategies for our clients. This role allows me to contribute to the development of impactful social media content while gaining valuable experience in digital marketing and client engagement.

Required skills and knowledge

In my dynamic role as a Junior Consultant at Angie, I quickly realized the extensive range of responsibilities and the continuously evolving skill set required. Central to my role was mastering the art of communication, both written and oral. Whether crafting newsletters, coordinating with media personnel, or pitching new ideas, my goal was always to achieve clarity and resonance with the audience. It was crucial to adapt my tone and style to fit the specific audience and occasion. For example, my main clients were Orpea (a nursing home organisation) and Accor (the hotel group). Their presence on social networks is not at all the same, and neither is the target audience. For Orpea, I had to speak in such a way that families potentially interested in the services offered by Orpea could understand and appreciate the messages transmitted through the posts. On the other hand, the Accord group gave us a lot more flexibility when it came to the visual identity of the posts on social networks, because the target audience is generally young, dynamic and travel-loving.

Effective communication was not just about creating the message; it also involved measuring its impact. Here, data analytics became an invaluable tool. Metrics such as engagement rates and conversion rates provided insights into the effectiveness of our campaigns and identified areas for improvement. As the digital landscape expanded, I deepened my proficiency with tools like Sprinklr to enhance the companies’ visibility in the vast online environment.

A critical aspect of my role was crisis management. While not every day presented challenges, being prepared for them was essential. Specialized workshops in crisis communication equipped me with the knowledge and strategies to handle issues effectively, ensuring the companies’ reputations remained intact. Crisis communication is a critical aspect of public relations and organizational management that involves the strategies and practices used to manage the dissemination of information during a crisis. Effective crisis communication aims to protect and maintain an organization’s reputation, mitigate the impact of the crisis, and ensure transparent and accurate information flow to stakeholders. Key elements of crisis communication include preparedness, rapid response, consistent messaging, and empathy. By having a well-defined crisis communication plan, organizations can navigate crises more effectively, minimizing potential damage and maintaining public trust.

Understanding the essence of the concerned brands enabled me to create cohesive narratives across all communication platforms, fostering consistency and a deeper connection with the audience. The communications field is vast, with each project having its own timelines and nuances. Efficiently organizing, prioritizing, and monitoring tasks became second nature, facilitated by tools and platforms that ensured timely delivery and kept stakeholders informed.

Visual storytelling, a key component of modern communication, often involved close collaboration with graphic designers. A foundational understanding of design tools ensured that our visual campaigns aligned seamlessly with our narratives. Regular participation in industry events kept me connected and informed about the latest trends.

This journey was more than just a job; it was a continuous learning experience, keeping me up to date with best practices and evolving trends in corporate communication.

What I learned

As a junior consultant intern at Angie, a leading French communications agency, I gained invaluable hands-on experience and insights into the dynamic world of integrated marketing communications.

Strategic Planning and Execution:

I had the opportunity to participate in developing comprehensive communication strategies for high-profile clients across various industries. This involved conducting market research, analyzing consumer trends and online conversations, and translating insights into actionable plans. I learned how to craft compelling narratives, position brands effectively, and execute multi-channel campaigns seamlessly.

Content Creation and Storytelling:

Content is at the heart of modern marketing, and at Angie, I honed my skills in creating engaging content tailored for different platforms and audiences. From crafting compelling social media posts and website copy to developing thought leadership articles and multimedia assets, I learned the art of storytelling and how to captivate audiences through creative and informative content.

Digital Marketing and Analytics:

Angie’s expertise in digital marketing allowed me to gain hands-on experience with various tools and techniques. I learned about search engine optimization (SEO), pay-per-click (PPC) advertising, social media marketing, and influencer collaborations. Additionally, I developed skills in data analysis, interpreting metrics, and using insights to optimize campaigns for better performance.

Media Relations and Crisis Management:

As an integrated communications agency, Angie handles media relations and crisis management for its clients. I had the chance to observe and assist in developing press releases, organizing media events, and managing crisis situations. This experience taught me the importance of effective communication, reputation management, and maintaining a positive brand image.

Collaboration and Teamwork:

Working alongside experienced strategists, creatives, digital experts, and public relations professionals, I witnessed the power of collaboration and teamwork. I learned how to contribute effectively in a cross-functional environment, communicate ideas clearly, and leverage the diverse expertise of team members to deliver exceptional results for clients.

Overall, my internship at Angie provided me with a comprehensive understanding of the communications industry, from strategy development to execution across multiple channels. The practical experience, mentorship, and exposure to real-world projects have equipped me with valuable skills and a solid foundation for a successful career in this dynamic field.

Financial concepts related my internship

Budgeting and Cost Management

One of the critical aspects of executing successful marketing campaigns is effective budgeting and cost management. During my internship, I learned how to develop comprehensive campaign budgets, allocating resources across different channels and activities, such as content creation, media placements, influencer collaborations, and event management.

I worked closely with project managers and account executives to ensure that campaigns were delivered within the allocated budgets, while maximizing the return on investment (ROI) for clients. This involved analyzing cost estimates, negotiating with vendors, and identifying opportunities for cost optimization without compromising the campaign’s effectiveness.

Return on Marketing Investment (ROMI)

In the world of marketing and communications, it is essential to measure the effectiveness of campaigns and demonstrate their impact on business objectives. At Angie, I gained exposure to various metrics and analytical tools used to calculate the return on marketing investment (ROMI).

This concept involves evaluating the revenue generated or other business outcomes achieved because of a marketing campaign and comparing it to the total investment made in that campaign. By analyzing ROMI, clients can assess the profitability and overall success of their marketing efforts, enabling data-driven decision-making for future campaigns. During my internship, I assisted in collecting and analyzing data related to campaign performance, such as website traffic, lead generation, sales conversions, and brand awareness metrics. This data was then used to calculate ROMI and provide insights to clients on the effectiveness of their marketing strategies.

Client Profitability Analysis

As a consulting agency, Angie’s success is closely tied to the profitability of its client engagements. During my internship, I learned about the importance of client profitability analysis, which involves evaluating the revenue generated from each client against the costs associated with servicing that client.

This analysis considers various factors, such as billable hours, resource allocation, project complexity, and overhead costs. By understanding the profitability of each client relationship, the agency can make informed decisions about pricing strategies, resource allocation, and client portfolio management.

I had the opportunity to assist in compiling data and conducting profitability analyses for various client accounts. This involved tracking project expenses, monitoring resource utilization, and identifying areas for efficiency improvements or potential scope creep that could impact profitability.

By understanding these financial concepts and their application in the communications industry, I gained valuable insights into the business aspects of marketing and communications campaigns. This knowledge will be invaluable as I continue to pursue a career in this dynamic field, enabling me to contribute to the financial success of future client engagements and agency operations.

Why should I be interested in this post?

If the world of communication within the largest French companies interests you, this post is for you! Through this experience, I realized that a significant amount of work is outsourced to specialists in the field. Combining communication, marketing, and finance primarily revolves around budget allocation and return on investment (ROI). Marketing teams must justify their expenditures by demonstrating the financial impact of their campaigns on sales, market share, or brand valuation. Calculating marketing ROI allows for assessing the profitability of investments and optimizing budget allocation.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Lou PERRONEMy Experience as a Communication Officer at La Française des Jeux (FDJ)

   ▶ Ines ILLIES MEJIAS My professional experience as a marketing assistant at Auris Gestion

Useful resources

Angie website

Berlo, D. K. (1960). The Process of Communication: An Introduction to Theory and Practice. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Entreprise et medias (l’Association des Directeurs et Directrices de la Communication).

Coombs, W. T. (2015). Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

About the author

The article was written in July 2024 by Margaux DEVERGNE (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA, 2020-2024).

My experience as an apprentice student in internal audit at Atos SE, during the split of the company

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My experience as an apprentice student in internal audit at Atos SE, during the split of the company

Margaux DEVERGNE

In this article, Margaux DEVERGNE (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA, 2020-2024) shares her professional experience as a part-time student in internal audit at Atos SE, from September 2022 to December 2024.

About the company

Atos SE is a global leader in digital transformation with a rich history dating back to its founding in 1997. The company emerged from a series of mergers and acquisitions, including the merger of Axime and Sligos, which formed Atos Origin. Over the years, Atos has continued to expand its footprint through strategic acquisitions, such as the purchase of Siemens IT Solutions and Services in 2011 and the more recent acquisition of Syntel in 2018. These moves have positioned Atos as a key player in the IT services and consulting market.

Atos offers a diverse portfolio of products and services, including cloud computing, cybersecurity, high-performance computing, and digital workplace solutions. The company is also known for its contributions to the fields of big data and artificial intelligence. Atos serves a wide range of industries, including healthcare, financial services, manufacturing, and public sector organizations, providing tailored solutions to meet the specific needs of its clients.

In terms of financial performance, Atos has demonstrated steady growth. For the fiscal year 2023, Atos reported revenues of approximately €11 billion. The company’s digital, cloud, and cybersecurity services have been key drivers of this revenue. Despite facing challenges in some segments, Atos has continued to invest in innovation and expand its service offerings to capture new market opportunities.

Atos’ share price has experienced fluctuations over the years, reflecting broader market trends and company-specific developments. As of mid-2024, the share price is under pressure due to restructuring efforts and market conditions, trading around €6 per share. The company is actively working on strategic initiatives to streamline operations and enhance profitability, which could positively impact its stock performance in the future.

After a long battle with Czech billionaire Daniel Kretinsky, David Layani, founder of IT company OnePoint, has finally won the battle to take over Atos SE. The Atos Board of Directors chose Layani’s offer, supported by some of the creditors, which provides for €2.9 billion of existing Atos debt to be converted into equity, making the creditors the main shareholders with around 79% of the capital. Onepoint, Butler and Econocom will inject €175 million to take a 21% stake, while €1.5 billion of new debt will be made available to relaunch Atos’ activities. This major financial restructuring will enable Atos to get back on track after months of difficulties.

Overall, Atos SE stands out as a significant player in the global IT services market, with a strong focus on digital transformation, cloud, and cybersecurity solutions. The company’s commitment to innovation and strategic growth positions it well for future opportunities, despite current challenges.

Logo of the company.
Logo of Atos SE
Source: The company.

My Apprenticeship

Internal Audit at Atos SE plays a crucial role in continuous process improvement and risk management. This independent and objective service aims to assess and improve the effectiveness of the company’s operations, internal controls and governance. Internal auditors examine financial, operational and IT systems to ensure compliance with applicable standards and regulations. By identifying weaknesses and proposing constructive recommendations, internal audit helps to strengthen the company’s overall performance and ensure the reliability and transparency of financial reporting.

My missions

Within the Internal Audit Group, in an international and evolving context, the missions of the student in Internal Audit are based on 3 axes under the supervision of the Group’s internal control manager:

  • Participate in activities to strengthen internal control for all the Group’s support functions and operations, i.e.
  • Participate in the strategic risk management process of the company
  • Preparation (risk mapping) and participation in risk assessment workshops within the management committee of the geographical units.
  • Consolidation of results.
  • Assist in the deployment and strengthening of the internal control system, through initiatives such as:
  • Maintenance and improvement of the control framework
  • Participation in the Control Testing campaign to assess the maturity of internal control throughout the Group.

Required skills and knowledge

I work in a very international team, whose members were based in France, Portugal, Sweden and India. In terms of soft skills, the interpersonal aspect is crucial, because in auditing we must work with a huge number of departments to obtain the information we’re looking for. In addition, as part of a very international team, the working language is English, not French, which also requires an open mind due to the mix of different cultures. Good communication skills are essential, as is attention to detail and adaptability.

In terms of hard skills, you need to have a good command of Excel, the principles of Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG), the fundamentals of internal control, risk management and audit tools, which are specific to each company.

During my apprenticeship, I started to learn how PowerBI works (it’s a suite of data analysis and visualization tools developed by Microsoft. It enables users to connect, transform, visualize and share data interactively), which is also one of the most widely used tools for analyzing the progress of audits in real time.

What I learned

Internal audit has given me an in-depth understanding of organizational dynamics and internal control mechanisms. By systematically assessing operational processes, I have developed my knowledge of how to identify inefficiencies and risks inherent in the company’s activities. I have also strengthened my communication skills, learning to clearly articulate the conclusions and recommendations of audits to stakeholders. Exposure to various audit techniques, such as data analysis and tests of control, has enabled me to acquire analytical rigor and problem-solving skills. This experience has also improved my adaptability, enabling me to adjust effectively to the specific requirements of each assignment. Finally, an in-depth knowledge of professional standards and regulations has been essential in ensuring operational compliance and promoting a culture of continuous improvement within the organization.

Financial concepts related to my apprenticeship

Internal Controls

Internal controls are the policies, procedures, and mechanisms put in place by an organization to ensure the integrity of financial reporting, operational effectiveness, and compliance with applicable laws and regulations. As an internal audit intern at Atos SE, one of my primary responsibilities is to evaluate the design and operational effectiveness of the company’s internal control framework across various business processes and functions.

By assessing internal controls, I would help identify potential weaknesses or deficiencies that could expose the company to risks such as financial misstatements, fraud, or operational inefficiencies. This evaluation would involve testing key controls, reviewing documentation, and conducting interviews with process owners to understand the control environment.

Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is a critical component of internal auditing, as it helps identify and prioritize the areas that pose the greatest risks to the organization. At Atos SE, I’m involved in the risk assessment process, which typically involves:

  • Understanding the company’s risk universe and the potential impact of various risks on its operations and financial performance.
  • Analyzing risk factors such as changes in the regulatory environment, technological advancements, cybersecurity threats, and market conditions.
  • Evaluating the adequacy of existing risk management strategies and controls.
  • Providing recommendations for enhancing risk management practices and mitigating identified risks.

By conducting risk assessments, it contributes to the development of an effective risk-based internal audit plan, ensuring that audit resources are allocated to the areas of highest risk.

Compliance

Compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and internal policies is a crucial aspect of corporate governance and risk management. In the internal audit team, we are responsible for assessing the company’s compliance with various regulatory requirements, such as data privacy laws (e.g., GDPR), anti-corruption laws, and industry-specific regulations.

This involves reviewing the company’s compliance policies and procedures, testing the effectiveness of compliance controls, and identifying potential areas of non-compliance. Auditors are also expected to provide recommendations for strengthening the compliance program and addressing any identified deficiencies.

By ensuring compliance, the audit team help Atos SE mitigate legal and reputational risks, avoid potential fines and penalties, and maintain a strong ethical culture within the organization.

Why should I be interested in this post?

If you are currently employed at one of the Big Four accounting firms and are considering a transition to internal audit, a concise summary of my experience as a work-study student at a company specializing in cybersecurity may offer you a valuable perspective.

The primary objective of this post is to provide a clearer understanding of internal auditing from the standpoint of a work-study student who began with no prior knowledge of the field.

For those with an interest in finance, engaging in this sector through internal audit can serve as an excellent introduction. It can also pave the way for future opportunities in consultancy firms or act as a steppingstone towards roles that demand a higher level of precision, whether in internal or external audit.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Louis DETALLE My experience as an Audit intern at PwC

   ▶ Federico MARTINETTO My experience as a PwC Associate Auditor in the Digital Data Hub

Useful resources

Atos SE website

Atos SE career website

The Institue of Internal Auditors

Institut Français de l’Audit et du Contrôle Interne

Certified Internal Auditor certification

About the author

The article was written in July 2024 by Margaux DEVERGNE (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA, 2020-2024).

My Intern Experience in Tencent Strategy Department

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My Intern Experience in Tencent Strategy Department

Liner SHI

In this article, Liner SHI (ESSEC Business School, Global Bachelor of Business Administration (GBBA) – Exchange Student, 2024-2025) shares her professional experience as an intern in Tencent Strategy Department.

About the company

Tencent is a leading technology company founded in 1998 with its headquarters located in Shenzhen, China. Tencent Group engages in a wide range of activities, offering both B2C and B2B services.

  • B2C: Tencent has released numerous globally popular video games and other high-quality digital content, providing rich interactive entertainment experiences for over 1 billion users worldwide by 2023.Here are specific B2C services that Tencent offers : famous games like Honor of Kings and Arena of Valor, popular social media apps like Wechat and QQ, other apps like QQ Music . Tencent has a wide user base in Asia, North America, and Europe.
  • B2B: Tencent offers a range of enterprise services including cloud computing, advertising, and financial technology, supporting partners in achieving digital transformation and facilitating business development.

Tencent has been listed on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong since 2004. Tencent’s revenue in 2023 was $83.97 billion, representing a 10% increase compared to the previous year.

Logo of Tencent.
Logo of Tencent
Source: Tencent.

Introduction to WeCom Business

WeCom, also known as WeChat Work, is an enterprise communication and office collaboration tool developed by Tencent. Tencent created WeCom to provide businesses with a platform that integrates seamlessly with WeChat, allowing for efficient internal communication, project management, and customer engagement.

Logo of WeCom.
Logo of WeCom
Source: KRDS.

Currently, WeCom primarily features are:

  • Support for various communication methods between enterprises and customers, such as messaging, group chat, announcements, and short videos.
  • Collaboration tools and lightweight internal management solutions including online documents, enterprise cloud storage, calendar management, and attendance approval.
  • Lightweight customer management and upstream/downstream collaboration tools including personal profiles, mass messaging, customer moments, lead tracking, upstream/downstream contact lists, and application sharing.

My internship

I collaborated with my mentor on the 2023 China SaaS (Software as a Service) Dynamics Report. This report covered policy interpretations, listings and financing updates, AI(Artificial Intelligence) integration, and overseas expansion.Initially, I wasn’t clear about the relationship between WeCom and other domestic SaaS companies, which led to a lack of focus in my first report. After discussing with my mentor, I realized our research had two main goals: to provide market insights for WeCom’s development and to find suitable ecosystem partners. With this clarity, my analysis improved significantly. This taught me the importance of aligning business objectives with strategic research. Also in the process, I collected data from various platforms like Easy Disclosure and Wind Consulting and realized the significance of comparing information across channels.

Also, I participated in interviews and summarized customer retention issues WeCom faced after commercialization.In 2023, WeCom began charging customers for using its platform for the first time. Some customers may churn or reduce their demand for Wecom due to charges. Therefore, it is crucial to collect the attitudes of key customers towards the pricing model of WeCom. My responsibility was to organize and analyze the interview results, identify the most valued commercial needs and pain points of customers.

I summarized the research on major comparable companies (such as Lark and DingTalk) My mentor focused on their strategies regarding revenue, organizational dynamics, target markets, and business expansion. This experience honed my skills in concise summarization and provided valuable insights.

Financial concepts related my internship

There are three key concepts related to my work in WeCom. Since WeCom is a collaborative office and customer management application, there are key metrics of SaaS companies that we should pay attention to. These metrics include Net Promoter Score (NPS), Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR), and Automatic Delivery Rate (ADR).

Net Promoter Score (NPS)

NPS measures customer satisfaction and loyalty by asking about the likelihood of recommending a product or service. In SaaS companies, NPS is crucial because they often operate on a subscription model. A high NPS indicates that customers are likely to continue using and renewing services. NPS reflects the appeal of SaaS products for sustained customer use. We also track customer retention rate and contract renewal rate.

Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR)

ARR is the total revenue generated from subscription services within a year. It is a key metric for SaaS companies to measure subscription income, calculated by summing up subscription fees from each customer.

Automatic Delivery Rate (ADR)

The automatic delivery rate reflects the level of automation in services or products provided by SaaS companies. High automatic delivery rates enable SaaS companies to offer more convenient, efficient, and stable services, reducing customer using costs and risks. It’s an important metric for measuring operational efficiency and service quality in SaaS companies.

Why should I be interested in this post?

This article offers an opportunity to delve deeper into the intricacies of Tencent’s WeCom business and analogous SaaS products, providing a comprehensive understanding of their operational frameworks. Plus, I hope that by sharing my own experience, you’ll get a better feel for what it’s like to work as a strategic intern and what you should focus on in the role.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Arthur EVERARD My experience as a Strategic Consultant at SGS

   ▶ Snehasish CHINARA My Experience as an External Junior Consultant with Eurogroup Consulting

   ▶ Theo SCHWERTLE My professional experience as B2B Project assistant manager at Dance

Useful resources

Tencent 2023 Annual Report

Tencent 2023 fourth quarter and annual results presentation

About the author

The article was written in June 2024 by Liner SHI (ESSEC Business School, Global Bachelor of Business Administration (GBBA) – Exchange Student, 2024-2025).

My experience as a Quantitative Investment Intern in Fortune Sg Fund Management

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My experience as a Quantitative Investment Intern in Fortune Sg Fund Management

Ziqian ZONG

In this article, Ziqian ZONG (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA exchange, 2024) shares her professional experience as a Quantitative Investment Intern in Fortune Sg Fund Management.

About the company

Fortune Sg Fund Management is a leading mutual fund management company with over 300 billion RMB in assets under management as of 2023. The company was founded in 2003 as a joint venture between Baosteel Group and Société Générale and has since grown to become a significant player in the Chinese market.

Fortune Sg leverages the capital markets to provide comprehensive asset management solutions for a wide range of domestic and international investors through professional operations. The company upholds the principle of prioritizing client interests, striving to be a responsible and trustworthy firm worthy of long-term commitment from all parties involved.

Logo of Fortune Sg
Logo of Fortune Sg
Source: Fortune Sg.

My internship

I joined the Quantitative Investment Department as an intern. This department primarily employs a multi-factor approach to select high-quality stocks in the Chinese stock market. The main products offered by this department are fundamental quantitative fund and quantitative hedging fund.

My missions

During my internship, I assisted the team with various programming and data analysis tasks. Furthermore, I undertook independent research project, including tracking the latest global trends in active quantitative funds and factor models, as well as developing a factor rotation-based index enhancement strategy.

Required skills and knowledge

The role requires advanced programming skills, primarily using Python and SQL. Proficiency in these languages is essential for improving work efficiency. Additionally, due to the rapid development of quantitative finance, it is necessary to read the literature to stay updated on the latest trends and investment methods. Sometimes, programming and searching for effective alpha (the excess return on an investment relative to the return of a benchmark index) can be tedious tasks that require persistent patience and confidence.

What I learned

During my internship, I gained extensive knowledge about factor investing and practical investment strategies. The integration of fundamental analysis with quantitative investment methods significantly enhanced the efficiency of traditional research. My research on factor timing allowed me to combine macroeconomic factors with market style shifts, using data to generate insights.

Financial concepts related my internship

Factor Investing

Factor investing is an investment strategy that utilizes certain quantifiable characteristics or attributes, known as “factors,” to explain and predict the risk and return performance of assets. These factors help investors better understand the behavior of the market and individual assets, leading to the construction of more effective investment portfolios.

The basic principle of factor investing is that certain factors have historically demonstrated a strong ability to explain and predict asset returns. By identifying and exploiting these factors, investors can achieve excess returns (known as “alpha”).

Common factors include:

  • Value Factor: Selecting stocks with low valuations, such as low price-to-earnings (P/E) or price-to-book (P/B) ratios.
  • Momentum Factor: Selecting stocks that have recently exhibited strong performance, under the assumption that this performance will continue.
  • Size Factor : Selecting small-cap stocks, which historically have outperformed large-cap stocks.
  • Quality Factor: Selecting stocks with strong financial health and high profitability.
  • Minimum Volatility Factor: Selecting stocks with lower volatility, which tend to perform better during periods of market uncertainty.
  • Growth Factor: Selecting stocks with high growth potential, such as companies with rapidly growing revenues and earnings.

Factor timing

Factor timing is an investment strategy that involves adjusting the exposure to different factors in a portfolio based on changing market conditions and macroeconomic cycles. The idea is to dynamically allocate capital to factors that are expected to perform well in the current or upcoming economic environment while reducing exposure to factors that are likely to underperform.

Here is how I do factor timing:

  • Economic and Market Analysis: Investors analyze macroeconomic indicators, market trends, and other relevant data to understand the current and projected state of the economy. This analysis helps in identifying which factors are likely to perform well in different economic conditions.
  • Factor Selection and Weighting: Based on the economic and market analysis, select which factors to emphasize in their portfolio. During Economic Expansion: Momentum and growth factors perform well because companies with strong recent performance and high growth potential are likely to continue thriving. During Economic Contraction: Quality and low volatility factors may be favored because companies with strong financial health and stable earnings are more resilient in downturns.
  • Dynamic Adjustment: Continually monitor economic indicators and market conditions to adjust the portfolio’s factor exposures.

Why should I be interested in this post?

With the advancement of computer technology and the increase in alternative data, quantitative finance is occupying an increasingly larger share in investments. Understanding related content can provide valuable advantages and aid in making informed decisions when purchasing quantitative-related products.

Related posts on the SimTrade blog

   ▶ All posts about Professional experiences

   ▶ Youssef LOURAOUI Factor Investing

   ▶ Praduman AGRAWAL My Professional Experience as a Quantitative Analyst Intern at Findoc Financial Services

Jayati WALIA Programming Languages for Quants

Useful resources

Fortune SG fund management

The most classic factor model: Fama French factor model

About the author

The article was written in May 2024 by Ziqian ZONG (ESSEC Business School, Global BBA exchange, 2024).

My Professional Experience as a Quantitative Analyst Intern at Findoc Financial Services

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My Professional Experience as a Quantitative Analyst Intern at Findoc Financial Services

Praduman AGRAWAL

In this article, Praduman AGRAWAL (ESSEC Business School, Visiting Scholar, Summer 2024) shares his professional experience as a Quantitative Analyst Intern at Findoc Financial Services.

About the Company

Findoc Group offers both institutional and retail clients quality products and services that cover equity trading, derivative trading, commodity trading, currency trading, IPOs, and mutual fund investments. Findoc Group also offers depository services through NSDL to create a seamless transaction platform. Trades executed through the Findoc Group companies are settled through the Findoc Group Depository Participant. Findoc Group is also involved in business through Findoc Finvest Private Limited (NBFC) for activities such as loan against shares, loan against property, and loan against gold, among other loan services.

Findoc team focuses on providing long-term value addition to its clients while maintaining the highest standards of excellence and professionalism. With a vision to earn a name that represents trust, growth, and passion, Findoc Group practices transparent business operations and prioritizes client satisfaction. Their professional approach emphasizes long-term relationships with clients, constantly generating value-added features without passing the cost burden to the clients.

Logo of the company.
Logo of Findoc Financial Services
Source: Findoc Financial Services

About the Department

At Findoc Financial Services, I was part of the Quantitative Analysis department, specifically within the quantitative desk. Our team was dedicated to developing and implementing trading strategies focused on the Forex pair. My role involved designing a portfolio of trading strategies for USDINR aimed at reducing unsystematic risk through diversification. Using Easy Language on TradeStation, I coded these strategies incorporating a range of indicators such as Bollinger Bands, MACD, VWAP, and RSI, which I customized to fit our specific needs. In addition to the technical aspects, my work also delved into economic analysis and trading psychology, ensuring a comprehensive approach to strategy development. Utilizing 20 years of historical data, I meticulously conducted backtesting and forward testing, rigorously evaluating the effectiveness of our strategies and refining them for optimal performance.

My Internship

During my internship at Findoc Financial Services, I was entrusted with the development and implementation of trading strategies for the Forex market, specifically focusing on the USDINR currency pair. My primary responsibilities included coding trading strategies using Easy Language on TradeStation, backtesting these strategies using historical data, and performing forward testing to validate their effectiveness in real-time market conditions.

My Missions

My main mission was to develop a diversified portfolio of trading strategies aimed at reducing non-systematic risk. This involved extensive coding, data analysis, and testing to ensure the strategies were robust and effective. I also conducted economic analysis and considered trading psychology to enhance the strategies further.

Required Skills and Knowledge

During my internship, I honed a blend of soft and hard skills essential for success in quantitative analysis and trading strategy development. Effective communication was crucial for collaboration and presenting findings to stakeholders. Critical thinking and problem-solving skills were indispensable when encountering challenges in data analysis or strategy development. Adaptability was key as market conditions and requirements often changed, requiring flexibility in approach and strategy. Attention to detail was essential for ensuring accuracy in data analysis and coding of trading algorithms.

On the hard skills front, proficiency in programming languages such as Easy Language for TradeStation was fundamental for coding and testing trading strategies. A strong understanding of statistical methods and financial mathematics was necessary for designing robust strategies and interpreting results accurately. Expertise in data analysis tools and techniques facilitated thorough backtesting and forward testing of strategies. Additionally, a deep understanding of financial markets, including factors influencing currency movements, was essential for developing effective trading strategies.

What I Learned

Throughout my internship, I gained a deeper understanding of trading strategies and the technical and economic factors influencing currency markets. I learned the importance of rigorous testing and validation of strategies to ensure their effectiveness in real-time trading. Additionally, I developed valuable skills in programming, data analysis, and financial market analysis, which are crucial for a career in quantitative finance.

Financial Concepts Related to My Internship

Diversification

Diversification is the practice of spreading investments across different assets to reduce risk. In my role, I developed a portfolio of trading strategies for the USDINR currency pair. Each strategy had its unique approach and risk profile. By employing multiple strategies simultaneously, we aimed to diversify the risk associated with any single strategy. This concept directly links to my job as I focused on building a diversified portfolio of trading strategies to mitigate unsystematic risk.

Technical Indicators

Technical indicators are mathematical calculations based on historical price, volume, or open interest data. These indicators are used by traders to predict future price movements. In my role, I utilized various technical indicators such as Bollinger Bands, MACD, VWAP, and RSI to develop trading strategies for the USDINR pair. These indicators provided insights into market trends, momentum, volatility, and overbought/oversold conditions, which informed our trading decisions. Understanding and effectively using these indicators was crucial for building successful trading strategies.

Backtesting and Forward Testing

Backtesting involves testing a trading strategy using historical data to assess its performance. Forward testing, on the other hand, involves testing the strategy in real-time with live market data. In my role, I conducted both backtesting and forward testing of the trading strategies I developed. By analyzing past market data spanning 20 years, I assessed how well the strategies would have performed historically. Forward testing then allowed me to validate the strategies in real-time market conditions before implementation. The ability to conduct rigorous backtesting and forward testing was essential for evaluating the viability and effectiveness of our trading strategies.

Why Should I Be Interested in This Post?

If you love mathematics and finance, then a role as a Quantitative Analyst is a great fit for you. It broadens your horizon by offering different perspectives on financial markets. You will learn how small events can lead to significant changes in stock prices and how gap-up and gap-down movements can impact trading strategies. You will also gain skills in coding strategies (Algo-trading) that can be applied in various areas.

Related Posts on the SimTrade Blog

   ▶ Trading strategies based on market profiles and volume profiles

   ▶ Quantitative Analyst – Job descriptions

Useful Resources

Findoc Group

AlgoTrading with Kavin Davey

About the Author

The article was written in May 2024 by Praduman AGRAWAL (ESSEC Business School, Visiting Scholar, Summer 2024).