{"id":15988,"date":"2025-06-30T15:23:37","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T15:23:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.simtrade.fr\/blog_simtrade\/?p=15988"},"modified":"2025-06-30T15:57:42","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T15:57:42","slug":"bitcoin-defis-opportunites","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.simtrade.fr\/blog_simtrade\/bitcoin-defis-opportunites\/","title":{"rendered":"Bitcoin : D\u00e9fis et Opportunit\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\"Jean-Marie<\/a><\/p>\n\n

Dans cet article, Jean-Marie CHOFFRAY<\/a> (Professeur Ordinaire Honoraire d\u2019Informatique D\u00e9cisionnelle \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, PhD-77, Management Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology) introduit son recent article \u201cBitcoin : D\u00e9fis et Opportunit\u00e9s\u201d.<\/p> \n\n

Nier la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de bitcoin n\u2019en change pas la nature… Cette courte note a pour objet de fournir au lecteur une premi\u00e8re synth\u00e8se des principaux D\u00e9fis et Opportunit\u00e9s engendr\u00e9s par l\u2019adoption et la diffusion de Bitcoin (avec \u00ab B \u00bb majuscule, le r\u00e9seau informatique). C\u2019est une R\u00e9volution Technologique dont les cons\u00e9quences s\u2019observeront dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir. En effet, le dernier bitcoin (avec \u00ab b \u00bb minuscule, le moyen d\u2019\u00e9change) sera produit vers 2140 ! Suivent sept propositions de r\u00e9flexion et d\u2019action.<\/p>\n\n

Les trois ANNEXES \u2013 Le Triomphe de la Vie dans la Victoire de Bitcoin ; Bitcoin est un r\u00eave, un id\u00e9al, un espoir ; Mille quatre cent milliards de dollars \u2013 offrent au lecteur un compl\u00e9ment d\u2019information lui permettant d\u2019approfondir sa compr\u00e9hension du ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne et son analyse de la situation actuelle. De nombreuses et excellentes sources d\u2019informations sont disponibles et consultables sur internet, notamment : https:\/\/bitcoin.org\/fr\/ ; Bitcoin Statistics ; Strategy\u2019s Bitcoin for Corporations.<\/p>\n\n\n

Qu\u2019est-ce que Bitcoin ?<\/h2>\n\n

La Technologie Bitcoin comporte deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments : (1) une Base de Donn\u00e9es S\u00e9quentielle qui int\u00e8gre aujourd\u2019hui (~) 1,5 milliard de transactions irr\u00e9versibles, incorruptibles et inviolables entre des agents r\u00e9els et\/ou virtuels \u2013 robots ? et (2) un Syst\u00e8me d\u2019Exploitation D\u00e9centralis\u00e9 (Bitcoin Core) permettant de valider, de s\u00e9curiser et d\u2019enregistrer de telles transactions. Un bitcoin est un moyen d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 cette base de donn\u00e9es, permettant \u00e0 son d\u00e9tenteur d\u2019effectuer une transaction irr\u00e9versible, incorruptible et inviolable ; reconnue comme telle par le r\u00e9seau. Selon l\u2019objet de la transaction, il s\u2019agit donc d\u2019un droit de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 digital, d\u2019un moyen d\u2019\u00e9change et\/ou d\u2019une r\u00e9serve de valeur ; monnaie et\/ou capital digital ?<\/p>\n\n

Ainsi, bitcoin est un objet digital qui peut \u00eatre stock\u00e9, accumul\u00e9, transf\u00e9r\u00e9 et\/ou vendu. Le nombre de bitcoins \u00e9mis diminue exponentiellement dans le temps et le dernier exemplaire sera produit vers 2140. Leur nombre est \u00e9galement limit\u00e9 dans l\u2019espace ; le r\u00e9seau n\u2019en produira jamais que vingt et un millions. (cf. article original de Satoshi Nakamoto : Bitcoin, un syst\u00e8me de paiement \u00e9lectronique). La capitalisation boursi\u00e8re actuelle du r\u00e9seau (~ $2T : deux mille milliards de dollars) en fait le cinqui\u00e8me actif financier mondial. Soit, plus que la capitalisation cumul\u00e9e des six plus grandes banques mondiales ; de l\u2019ordre de trois fois le total de bilan de la Banque Centrale Europ\u00e9enne ; ou, encore, deux fois le PIB de la Suisse\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n

D\u00e9fis et opportunit\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n

On peut consid\u00e9rer aujourd\u2019hui que la Technologie Bitcoin est quasiment indestructible. Sa probabilit\u00e9 d\u2019effondrement total est estim\u00e9e \u00e0 moins de 1%. Pour deux raisons : (1) un \u00e9ventuel dysfonctionnement du r\u00e9seau n\u2019affecterait que marginalement la base de transactions s\u00e9quentielle actuelle (i.e. l\u2019histoire exhaustive des transactions crypt\u00e9es et encod\u00e9es depuis 2009) et (2) la d\u00e9centralisation g\u00e9ographique, technologique et financi\u00e8re du r\u00e9seau garantit la robustesse \u2013 fiabilit\u00e9 et validit\u00e9 \u2013 de son m\u00e9canisme de gouvernance (e.g. Proof of work). Il va donc falloir apprendre \u00e0 vivre avec bitcoin, qu\u2019on le veuille ou non, qu\u2019on le souhaite ou pas ! Ceci est d\u2019autant plus vrai que plusieurs pays, dont les \u00c9tats-Unis d\u2019Am\u00e9rique, ont officialis\u00e9 leur soutien \u00e0 cette \u00e9volution digitale de l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me bancaire et financier (cf. Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Bill).<\/p>\n\n\n

Propositions de r\u00e9flexion et d\u2019action<\/h2>\n\n

Pour toute entit\u00e9 publique ou priv\u00e9e soucieuse de marquer sa pr\u00e9sence dans ce nouvel espace \u00e9conomique, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par une forte croissance (~ 60%\/an) et une volatilit\u00e9 comparable (~ 60%\/cycle de 4 ans) : <\/p>\n\n

    \n
  1. Contribuer \u00e0 cr\u00e9er un Centre Interuniversitaire d\u2019intelligence, d\u2019expertise et de comp\u00e9tence centr\u00e9 sur Bitcoin et les technologies annexes ou induites.<\/li>\n
  2. Organiser un Symposium Annuel, destin\u00e9 \u00e0 rassembler les acteurs du secteur, \u00e0 diffuser les bonnes pratiques et \u00e0 susciter l\u2019innovation.<\/li>\n
  3. Constituer un R\u00e9seau d\u2019Op\u00e9rateurs (i.e. bitcoin Miners) assurant une pr\u00e9sence effective \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale et s\u00e9curisant l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux transactions (cf. mise en place de Mining Pools).<\/li>\n
  4. Inviter les entreprises \u2013 et toute autre institution dot\u00e9e de Fonds Propres \u2013 \u00e0 adopter le Standard Bitcoin, en y consacrant (~3-5%) de leur Actif Net.<\/li>\n
  5. Destiner les Exc\u00e9dents \u00c9nerg\u00e9tiques \u2013 sources intermittentes, surplus nucl\u00e9aire, cycles d\u2019inf\u00e9rence (Intelligence Artificielle) etc. \u2013 \u00e0 la production et au transfert de bitcoins ; au d\u00e9veloppement technologique \u2013 mat\u00e9riels et logiciels \u2013 sous-jacent ; et \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation de produits et services nouveaux.<\/li>\n
  6. Constitution d\u2019une R\u00e9serve Strat\u00e9gique \u2013 r\u00e9gionale et\/ou nationale \u2013 de bitcoins tendant vers 3-5% de la richesse \u00e9conomique (cf. Senateur C. Lummis).<\/li>\n
  7. \u00c9mission de BitBonds : emprunts obligataires adoss\u00e9s (~10%) \u00e0 bitcoin (cf. Andrew Hohns : BitBonds, An Idea Whose Time Has Come)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n

    Lire la suite de l’article<\/a> <\/p>\n\n

    Autres articles sur le blog<\/h2>\n\n

       ▶ Snehasish CHINARA Bitcoin: the mother of all cryptocurrencies<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

    Ressources utiles<\/h2>\n\n

    Choffray Jean-Marie (2025) Bitcoin : D\u00e9fis et Opportunit\u00e9s<\/a> Li\u00e8ge Universit\u00e9<\/p>\n\n

    Choffray Jean-Marie List des publications<\/a> Li\u00e8ge Universit\u00e9<\/p>\n\n

    A propos de l\u2019auteur<\/h2>\n\n

    L’article a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9 en juin 2025 par Jean-Marie CHOFFRAY<\/a> (Professeur Ordinaire Honoraire d\u2019Informatique D\u00e9cisionnelle \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, PhD-77, Management Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Dans cet article, Jean-Marie CHOFFRAY (Professeur Ordinaire Honoraire d\u2019Informatique D\u00e9cisionnelle \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, PhD-77, Management Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology) introduit son recent article \u201cBitcoin : D\u00e9fis et Opportunit\u00e9s\u201d. Nier la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de bitcoin n\u2019en change pas la nature… Cette courte note a pour objet de fournir au lecteur une premi\u00e8re synth\u00e8se des principaux … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,9,10],"tags":[84],"class_list":["post-15988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-contributors","category-financial-news","category-financial-techniques","tag-bitcoin"],"yoast_head":"\nBitcoin : D\u00e9fis et Opportunit\u00e9s - SimTrade blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.simtrade.fr\/blog_simtrade\/bitcoin-defis-opportunites\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bitcoin : D\u00e9fis et Opportunit\u00e9s\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dans cet article, Jean-Marie CHOFFRAY (Professeur Ordinaire Honoraire d\u2019Informatique D\u00e9cisionnelle \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, PhD-77, Management Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology) introduit son recent article \u201cBitcoin : D\u00e9fis et Opportunit\u00e9s\u201d. 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